Using data from a survey of refugees Afghanistan, Syria, Iran, and Iraq in Vienna, Austria, most whom arrived 2015, we employ path analysis to study the effects various integration resources on life satisfaction. In addition, consider sociodemographic effects. We find that who scored higher host-country-specific language proficiency, social contacts, feeling relatedness have significantly level...

Since the Arab Spring of 2011, cultural heritage Middle East has faced a serious threat, as Daesh (ISIS) and other extremist organizations turned archaeological sites into financing tool. In 2016, around 100,000 objects great importance, including 4,500 sites, nine which are included in UNESCO World Heritage List, were under control Islamic State Syria Iraq. However, not only these groups dynam...

Abstract The conflicts in Syria and Iraq, being some of the most documented history, have also led to one largest influxes refugees Europe recent years. Many asylum seekers arriving European cities identified themselves, or been identified, as victims, witnesses perpetrators atrocities. Consequently, criminal investigations initiated by local police with aim prosecuting those responsible for ge...

This paper discusses how security considerations and sectarianism have served Iran Saudi Arabia as mutually reinforcing tools in their strife to secure positions the struggle for regional influence standing. It premises that no single factor can explain this conflict its proper understanding requires a more comprehensive approach links factors analyses joint impact. The main hypothesis is an an...

According to the Montevideo Convention of 1993, requirements for founding a state are fulfilled possession people, region, government, capability relate other states, and recognition sovereignty from making it still debatable whether ISIS can be considered or belligerent organization. Islamic State Iraq Syria claim that they possess but in reality, cannot make diplomatic relations with states. ...

distribution of the genus chondrostoma in iran, which is mostly known from the caspian sea, tigris river, kor river and esfahan basins was mapped. the kura nase, chondrostoma cyri is reported from armenia, georgia and iran and it is found in the streams and rivers draining to the western coast of the caspian sea from the kuma river in the north southward to the kura and aras river basins in the...