In 2021, global environmental challenges were at the forefront of our minds. Having finished first year UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, we are witnessing predicted effects anthropogenic climate change around world. Applied ecological research is more important than ever to develop appropriate management solutions wide range challenges. this editorial, take a look key issues and topics inter...

This paper proposes that complex projectile weaponry was a key strategic innovation driving Late Pleistocene human dispersal into western Eurasia after 50 Ka. It argues that complex projectile weapons of the kind used by ethnographic hunter-gatherers, such as the bow and arrow, and spearthrower and dart, enabled Homo sapiens to overcome obstacles that constrained previous human dispersal from A...

Development of overall strategies for observations of the Earth system has received considerable attention in recent years. Most attention has been paid to space-based observations but of comparable importance is the wide variety of in situ observations made at the surface of the Earth and in its atmosphere and oceans. The in situ data are essential for the success of global observations and th...