Isoprene, a possible carcinogen, is a petrochemical and a natural product being primarily produced by plants. It is biotransformed to 2-ethenyl-2-methyloxirane (IP-1,2-O) and 2-(1-methylethenyl)oxirane (IP-3,4-O), both of which can be further metabolized to 2-methyl-2,2'-bioxirane (MBO). MBO is mutagenic, but IP-1,2-O and IP-3,4-O are not. While IP-1,2-O has been reported being genotoxic, the g...

Background: Artificial oocyte activation (AOA) has important implications in assisted reproductive technique (ART) with particular importance in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Parthenogenesis activation using zona- free oocytes offers an alternative model that could be applied to develop protocols for the activation of reconstructed embryos for cloning. Materials and Methods: To establis...

Let $A$ be a Noetherian ring, $I$ be an ideal of $A$ and $sigma$ be a semi-prime operation, different from the identity map on the set of all ideals of $A$. Results of Essan proved that the sets of associated prime ideals of $sigma(I^n)$, which denoted by $Ass(A/sigma(I^n))$, stabilize to $A_{sigma}(I)$. We give some properties of the sets $S^{sigma}_{n}(I)=Ass(A/sigma(I^n))setminus A_{sigma}(I...

Five sublacustrine thermal spring locations from 1 to 109 m water depth in Yellowstone Lake were surveyed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in relation to their chemical composition and dark CO(2) fixation rates. They harbor distinct chemosynthetic bacterial communities, depending on temperature (16-110°C) and electron donor supply (H(2)S <1 to >100 μM; NH(3) <0.5 to >10 μM). Members of the ...

Introduction: Because of advancement in nanotechnology, the use of Ag Nanoparticles (NPs) was increased in a wide range of area. Studies that were done in recent years demonstrated that Ag NPs can induce cytotoxicity in cells. One of the parts of UV radiation of sun is UVC (200 – 280 nm) that has antimicrobial effect. Since the effect of simultaneous use of NPs and UVC are sti...

The sigma1 receptor acts as a chaperone at the endoplasmic reticulum, associates with multiple proteins in various cellular systems, and involves in a number of diseases, such as addiction, pain, cancer and psychiatric disorders. The sigma1 receptor is encoded by the single copy SIGMAR1 gene. The current study identifies five alternatively spliced variants of the mouse sigma1 receptor gene usin...

The roles played by ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP₃Rs) in vascular smooth muscle in the microcirculation remain unclear. Therefore, the function of both RyRs and IP₃Rs in Ca(²+) signals and myogenic tone in hamster cremaster muscle feed arteries and downstream arterioles were assessed using confocal imaging and pressure myography. Feed artery vascular ...