Modifying the proof of a theorem of Wilkie, it is shown that if a one dimnsional set S is definable in an O minimal expansion of the ordered field of the reals, and if it is regularly exponentially near to many integral points, then there is an unbounded set, which is R definable without parameters, and which is exponentially near to S.

In this article we will describe some of the main developments in interest-rate modelling since Black & Scholes’ (1973) and Merton’s (1973) original articles on the pricing of equity derivatives. In particular, we will focus on continuoustime, arbitrage-free models for the full term structure of interest rates. Other models which model a limited number of key interest rates or which operate in ...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: Q53 Q55 M40 C33 Keywords: CO2 emissions R&D expenditures IFRS adoption European manufacturing firms TAR model This study examines the impact of research and development (R&D) expenditures on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions prior to and under the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards at the firm level within the manufacturing s...

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent which success economic development in North Maluku Province and influence population, investment government expenditure on per capita income province. method used using panel data regression analysis method. results indicate that level achieved by so far can be said have progressed but relatively slow. While research show partially, Populatio...

The fiscal balance is the difference between a government’s revenues and its expenditures. It signals if public accounts are balanced or there surpluses deficits. Recurrent deficits over time imply accumulation of debt may send worrying to consumers investors about sustainability which, in turn, deter consumption investment decisions. Nonetheless, kept at sustainable level, can help finance nec...

t Wilkie's stochastic investment model and its variants have been increasingly applied by actuaries around the world to actuarial modeling and simulation. This paper performs time series outlier analysis on retail price inflation, which is the driving force of Wilkie's composite model. The data come from four developed countries: the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and Australia. The...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the extent of tobacco expenditures in Bangladesh and to compare those costs with potential investment in food and other essential items. DESIGN Review of available statistics and calculations based thereon. RESULTS Expenditure on tobacco, particularly cigarettes, represents a major burden for impoverished Bangladeshis. The poorest (household income of less than $24/...

We test for differences in parental investment in sons and daughters by estimating the effect of child gender on household expenditures. Using Consumer Expenditure Survey data from 1990 to 1998, we find that the expenditures of married-couple families with one son do not differ significantly from those of couples with one daughter in most spending categories, including education and ‘adult good...

BACKGROUND Short term medical missions (STMMs) are a form of unregulated and unsanctioned, grass roots, direct medical service aid from wealthier countries to low and middle income countries. The US leads the world in STMM activity. The magnitude of monetary and man power inputs towards STMMs is not clear. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of physician participation in S...