Rubber tree production is reduced by weeds that compete for environmental resources; therefore, the timing and duration of weed control influences weed interference. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the growth of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) plants, to determine the critical period for weed control, and to evaluate the growth recovery of rubber trees that coexisted with weeds f...

A Research Committee was established by the Weed Science Society of America to outline the direction of weed science research during the next decade. Weeds adversely affect humans in both agricultural and nonagricultural environments. It is the opinion of the research committee that weed science will be advantageously positioned for the future if research focuses on research decision processes,...

Linear antenna array design is one of the most important electromagnetic optimization problems of current interest . In the antenna arrays the side lobe level is main problem which causes wastage of energy. This paper describes the application of a recently developed metaheuristic algorithm ,known as the Particle Swarm Optimization Gravitational Search Algorithm(PSOGSA) to optimize the spacing ...

An experimental machine vision-based patch-sprayer was developed. This sprayer was primarily designed to do real-time weed density estimation and variable herbicide application rate control. However, the sprayer also had the capability to do high-resolution weed mapping if proper mapping techniques being integrated. Two weed mapping methods were developed. One is GPS signal-based off-line weed ...

Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a highly invasive weed. Identifying the characteristics and factors influencing its establishment population growth may help to identify high invasion risk areas facilitate monitoring prevention efforts. Six typical habitats: river banks, forests, road margins, farmlands, grasslands, wastelands, were selected from main distribution of A. in Yili Valley, China. propagu...

Abstract Risk assessments are conservation tools used to prevent the introduction of invasive species. Many ask whether a taxon has close relatives, but it is unclear this phylogenetic information useful, and which taxonomic scales (e.g., genus, family) most predictive risk. Combining clustering analyses with models predicting invasion risk, we found plants were clustered within nonnative flora...