If one accepts the concept that enhanced perception of visceral stimuli plays an important role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and other functional gastrointestinal disorders (and not everybody does! ), identification of drugs which can normalise this enhanced perception should be a major eVort in the search for eVective IBS medications. Enhanced perception of diVerent...

PURPOSE 18F-FDG PET/CT is widely used to evaluate indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs). False positive results occur, especially from active granulomatous nodules. A PET-based imaging agent with superior specificity to 18F-FDG for IPNs, is badly needed, especially in areas of endemic granulomatous nodules. Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) are expressed in many malignant cells including small cel...

Through the emergence of new doctrine, stability operations are becoming a core U.S. military mission that the Department of Defense (DoD) must be prepared to conduct and support. These operations are now given priority comparable to combat operations. The immediate goal often is to provide the local populace with security, restore essential services, and meet humanitarian needs. The long-term ...

BACKGROUND Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (somatotroph adenoma) predominantly express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) subtypes 2 and 5. Higher SSTR2 expression on somatotroph adenomas results in a better response to somatostatin analogues (SSAs), which preferentially bind, but also downregulate, SSTR2. The effect of the combined treatment with SSAs and the GH receptor antagonist peg...

BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computer tomography (CT) using (68)Ga-DOTATATE is a promising method for the evaluation of patients with recognised or suspected neuroendocrine tumours (NET). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in the visualisation of the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTR) and identification of n...

OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the efficiency of somatostatin analogues in the treatment of a mixed luteinizing hormone (LH)-, alpha-subunit-, prolactin (PRL)-secreting pituitary adenoma. DESIGN A 30-year-old woman, with amenorrhaea-galactorrhaea, presented with a pituitary macroadenoma. The endocrine evaluation showed high plasma levels of PRL, LH, and alpha-subunit inhibited by 65%, 65% and 33% re...

Phosphorylation of residues in the C-terminal tail of the m-opioid receptor (MOPr) is thought to be a key step in desensitization and internalization. Phosphorylation of C-terminal S/T residues is required for internalization (Just et al., 2013), but its role in desensitization is unknown. This study examined the influence of C-terminal phosphorylation sites on rapid desensitization of MOPr. Wi...

PURPOSE Growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and somatostatin (SST) modulate each other's actions. SST analogues have been successfully used to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that is unresponsive to laser therapy and to retard the progression of severe nonproliferative retinopathy to PDR. In this study, the endogenous expression of IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3...

20 Somatostatin-14 (SST) inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion by activating G-protein coupled 21 somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), of which 5 isoforms exist (SSTR1-5). In mice, the effects on 22 pancreatic β-cells are mediated by SSTR5, whereas α-cells express SSTR2. In both cell types, 23 SSTR activation results in membrane hyperpolarisation and suppression of exocytosis. Here we 24 examined ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Scant information on the cellular distribution of the five somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes in the normal prostate and in neoplasms of the prostate has been reported in very few studies in which techniques, such as in situ hybridization histochemistry, autoradiography, and more recently immunohistochemistry, have been applied. The aim of the study was to exa...