The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) is a method for assessing -cell function and insulin sensitivity that has gained widespread use thanks to its simplicity and validity (1). The method has recently been reviewed by the group of investigators that championed its development (2). They pointed out that -cell function cannot be interpreted without the knowledge of insulin sensitivity, and, thu...

This study examined the effects of maternal ethanol (EtOH) consumption during pregnancy or lactation on glucose homeostasis in the adult rat offspring. Glucose disposal was determined by minimal model during an intravenous glucose tolerance test in rats that had a small or normal birth weight after EtOH exposure in utero and in rats whose mothers were given EtOH during lactation only. All three...

Impaired glucose tolerance was shown to be present in a proportion of children with cystic fibrosis more than 30 years ago (Andersen, 1938), though symptomatic diabetes mellitus was not recognized as a complication until 1955(Schwachman and Leubner, 1955). This paper presents the results of blood glucose and serum insulin levels after oral and intravenous glucose, and after intravenous glucagon...

BACKGROUND Obesity in adults is associated with increased left ventricular (LV) mass. The mechanism for this is unclear, however. We tested the hypothesis that insulin resistance is an important independent contributing factor to LV mass in the healthy obese population. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of 40 normotensive, nondiabetic, otherwise healthy obese subjects with bo...

OBJECTIVE Ketosis-prone atypical diabetes (KPD) is a subtype of diabetes in which the pathophysiology is yet to be unraveled. The aim of this study was to characterize β- and α-cell functions in Africans with KPD during remission. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We characterized β- and α-cell functions in Africans with KPD during remission. The cohort comprised 15 sub-Saharan Africans who had bee...

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the most commen hyper androgenic disorders affecting women, its prevalence being estimated at 5% – 10%. Our goal was to survey abnormal glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and incidence of diabetes type 2 in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Materials and methods: This investigation is a descriptive – analytic study which is done to su...

OBJECTIVE The C57Bl/6J (Bl/6J) mouse is the most widely used strain in metabolic research. This strain carries a mutation in nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in NADPH production, which has been suggested to lead to glucose intolerance and beta-cell dysfunction. However, recent reports comparing Bl/6J to Bl/6N (carrying the wild-type Nnt allele) und...

The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is currently the gold standard for the diagnosis of diabetes. The recommended preparation for and administration of the OGTT are important to ensure that test results are not affected. Interpretation is based on venous plasma glucose results before and 2 hours after a 75 g oral glucose load.