The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs), especially the sweeping spread delta variant, and differing public health management strategies, have rendered global eradication unlikely. currently available COVID-19 vaccines, including inactivated whole virus mRNA adenovirus-vectored are effective in protecting people from severe disease death COVID-19, but they may not confer good mucosa...

the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intranasal phototherapy on nasal microbial flora in patients with allergic rhinitis. this prospective, self-comparised, single blind study was performed on patients with a history of at least two years of moderate-to-severe perennial allergic rhinitis that was not controlled  by  anti-allergic drugs.  thirty-one  perennial  allergic r...

In May of 2022, the World Health Organization declared a worldwide Mpox virus (MPXV) outbreak. Due to widespread implementation vaccination protocols and heightened awareness among general population, there has been notable decline in incidence (formerly known as Monkeypox) cases since March 2023. Nevertheless, it is crucial remember that potential impact multiple physiological systems humans, ...

BACKGROUND The best form of protection against influenza is high-titred virus-neutralizing antibody specific for the challenge strain. However, this is not always possible to achieve by vaccination due to the need for predicting the emerging virus, whether it be a drift variant of existing human endemic influenza type A subtypes or the next pandemic virus, for incorporation into the vaccine. By...

BACKGROUND Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative coccobacillus that causes the febrile illness tularemia. Subspecies that are pathogenic for humans include those comprising the type A (subspecies tularensis) or type B (subspecies holarctica) biovars. An attenuated live vaccine strain (LVS) developed from a type B isolate has previously been used to vaccinate at-risk individuals, but offers ...