This paper was presented at the Conference on Strategies of Longitudinal Research on Drug Use, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1976. The conference proceedings were supposed to be published by Denise Kandel who organized the conference, but that didn’t happen. In 1989, after more than a decade of waiting, I decided to revise the paper and see it into print, but after some minor editing I stopped, feelin...

Malicious software, such as viruses and Trojan horse programs, can automate a variety of attacks for criminals and is partially responsible for the global increase in cybercrime. Criminology, however, has been slow to explore the theoretical causes and correlates of malware victimization. This study uses a routine activities framework to explore data loss caused by malware infection in a colleg...

This study investigates gender differences in adolescent drug use in terms of parental monitoring and peer deviance. Females are found to be more highly monitored than males, whereas males are more exposed to deviant peers than are females. There is a significant interaction between parental monitoring and peer deviance for the sample as a whole. The effect of this interaction is greater among ...

Background: Organizational cynicism is one of the important behavioral issues affecting employee performance, thereby reducing organizational efficiency. This study aims to design and evaluate a model for antecedents and consequences of organizational cynicism in employees of an industrial company in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this applied descriptive-correlational study, the statistical ...

A nonparametric method and a Bayesian hierarchical modelling method are proposed in this paper for the detection of environmental thresholds. The nonparametric method is based on the reduction of deviance, while the Bayesian method is based on the change in the response variable distribution parameters. Both methods are tested using macroinvertebrate composition data from a mesocosm experiment ...

This article provides a historical perspective on how both American and European psychiatrists have conceptualized and categorized sexual deviance throughout the past 150 years. During this time, quite a number of sexual preferences, desires, and behaviors have been pathologized and depathologized at will, thus revealing psychiatry's constant struggle to distinguish mental disorder--in other wo...

family is one of the most important grounds of crime and crime victimization development. the experts, welfare workers, lawyers and sociologists argue that the factor or factors should be identified that provide the kind of conditions under which the individuals abuse, tolerate or accept the crime in order to secure the society, reduce the social harms and finally propose the procedures to refo...

Two objectives guide this study: first, to examine whether organizational deviance is a consequence of workplace bullying, and second, investigate possible moderating effect gratitude on the relationship between bullying deviance. Variables were tapped using Negative Acts Questionnaire, Organisational Deviance Measure, Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ6). This study uses correlation-causal design; da...