Shear stress is an important physical factor that regulates proliferation, migration, and morphogenesis. In particular, the homeostasis of blood vessels is dependent on shear stress. To mimic this process ex vivo, efforts have been made to seed scaffolds with vascular and other cell types in the presence of growth factors and under pulsatile flow conditions. However, the resulting bioreactors l...

A theoretical study of vesicles of topological genus zero is presented. The bilayer membranes forming the vesicles have various degrees of intrinsic (tangent-plane) orientational order, ranging from smectic to hexatic, frustrated by curvature and topology. The field-theoretical model for these 'n-atic' surfaces has been studied before in the low temperature (mean-field) limit. Work presented he...

<span>This paper defined a new type of topology known as Interior topology. This work falls among the types (such general topology, supra generalized and filter) that are motivated by real-world concepts such orbits planets around sun, electron nucleus, so on. form is self-contained. The primary objective this study to respond question “Is capable producing topology?”. Finally, we define ...

in this paper‎, ‎we mainly investigate how the generalized metrizability properties of the remainders affect the metrizability of rectifiable spaces‎, ‎and how the character of the remainders affects the character‎ ‎and the size of a rectifiable space‎. ‎some results in [a. v‎. ‎arhangel'skii and j‎. ‎van mill‎, ‎on topological groups with a first-countable remainder‎, ‎topology proc. 42 (2013...

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variation of the branches of the external carotid artery (eca) is well known, but it is extremely rare for the occipital artery (oa) to arise from the internal carotid artery (ica). a 87-year-old man was found to have this anatomical variation on the right side by threedimensional computed tomography angiography for vascular mapping of the carotid arteries before superselective intra-arterial c...

using the electrostatic capacity of a condenser, the existence of a distance function on a finsler space is discussed. this distance function divides finsler spaces into the two classes, denoted here by i and ii. the topology generated by this distance on the finsler spaces of class ii coincides with its intrinsic topology. this work provides a natural extension of mathematical analysis tools n...