The role of biology in psychology changes from animals to humans. Biology determines animal behaviour in natural environments. For humans the biological forces changes to an energizing function. They recede in the background and the higher psychological functions govern consciousness and behavior. Humans do not have to obey the instincts or reflexes, but have the option to do what they decide t...

The author questions the extent to which Freud's theory of culture can justify Freud’s postulated claim concerning the social causation of neuroses. Since the premises on which Freud bases his cultural theory are untenable, it is argued that this justification cannot be supplied by it. This is followed by an examination of Freud’s arguments against historical materialism, and a further reasoned...

Overview of Theory When Rotter developed his Social Learning Theory, the dominant perspective in clinical psychology at the time was Freud's Psychoanalysis, which focused on people's deepseated instinctual motives as determining behavior. Individuals were seen as being naive to their unconscious impulses, and treatment required long-term analysis of childhood experience. Even learning approache...

The financial market is highly fluctuating in nature. If investment strategies are not adequately planned and designed, it may lead to high monetary losses. There’s a high risk involved in stock market investment as the investment strategies are purely based on expert knowledge about the market conditions and some amounts of instincts. In our proposed method using the insight of technical analy...

The decoding of the human genome offers great promise for the understanding and treatment of chronic human diseases at the last frontier. There is a widely recognised hazard that an exaggerated emphasis on molecular reductionism may lead to the loss of the essential humanitarian instincts of young doctors. To counteract this danger it is now accepted by many leading figures of the medical estab...

Emotions suffuse much of the language employed by students of animal behavior--from "social bonding" to "alarm calls"--yet are carefully avoided as an explicit topic in scientific discourse. Given the increasing interest in human emotional intelligence and the explicit attention in neuroscience to the emotions, both human and nonhuman, the taboo that has reigned for so long in animal behavior r...

Batchelor and Handfield-Jones’s recommendation that cases of diagnostic uncertainty should be urgently referred to a dermatologist in secondary care does not stand up.Of the three cases presented, two needed to be excised by surgeons, and although not stated, almost certainly, so did the third—a tumour. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence’s recommendation that all cases of...

The Morphology of War was conceived in 2017 as a project large-scale digital murals. It focuses on the idea that each society gives birth to its own monsters. In time war and under influence propaganda, they procreate. Friends change their form become enemies-unfamiliar, grotesque, potentially dangerous. They experience severe morphological changes. This reflects ugliness Russian military aggre...

Abstract We develop a mathematical model of the performance group independent Bayesian searchers who are all seeking common goal. In this context, do not directly interact with one another, but they may observe behavior nearby and adjust their accordingly. By modeling system as an evolutionary game, evolutionarily stable strategy is found for percentage time that given searcher should bias its ...