Previous studies comparing interleukin 4 receptor α (IL-4Rα)(-/-) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)(-/-) BALB/c mice have indicated that interleukin 13 (IL-13), whose receptor shares the IL-4Rα subunit with IL-4, plays a protective role during visceral leishmaniasis. We demonstrate that IL-13(-/-) BALB/c mice were less able to control hepatic growth of Leishmania donovani compared with wild-type mice. T...

conclusions our data suggest that using polyvalent antivenom in short time after envenomation could reduce the inflammatory responses related to the systemic changes during the elevation of cytokines in scorpion envenomation. results il-1a, il-6, and tnf-α levels were significantly increased in 3 hours after envenomation in both groups (v and av), but the intensity of increase in av group was l...

BACKGROUND A growing body of evidences suggests that the ovary is a site of inflammatory reactions, and thus, ovarian cells could represent sources and targets of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) system. The purpose of this study was to examine the IL-1 system gene expressions in equine granulosa cells, and to study the IL-1beta content in follicular fluid during the follicle maturation. For this purpo...

interleukin-8 (il-8) is a well-known inflammatory chemokine and suggested to be involved in the development of acne vulgaris. this study investigates il-8 plasma levels in acne patients and healthy controls and the molecular basis for the regulation of the il-8 gene in a pakistani population.patients with acne vulgaris (n=264) and healthy individuals (n=264) were enrolled in this investigation....

AIM To determine interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) expression in response to mechanical injury in human retinal pigment epithelial (HRPE) cells. METHODS Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion by HRPE cells after mechanical denudation. IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA expression by HRPE cells was assessed using semiqua...

background : interleukin (il)-4 is a member of t helper 2 (th2) axis produced by t-lymphocyte and mast cell. it has been shown that il-4 expression changes in tumor tissues. the main objective of this study is to investigate the expression of il-4 mrna in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (lscc) with or without lymph node involvement. materials and methods: mrna expression of il-4...

Introduction: COVID-19 is a new type of coronavirus that infects humans and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Isolated in Wuhan City, China, December 2019. Similar to discoveries relating the coronaviruses cause (SARS-CoV) Middle East (MERS-CoV). Levels cytokines (Interleukin-6, Interleukin-1 β ), iron hemoglobin changed during disease. Hepcidin an regulatory protein encoded by H...

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) substitution for fish on intestinal enzymatic activity, inflammatory and physical-barrier-related gene expression, microflora juvenile golden pompano. 375 pompanos were divided into 15 groups 25 each, with three replicates each experimental group. fed five diets (0 (FM), 12.5% (CSM12.5), 25% (...