The roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 in the regulation of immunity to Leishmania donovani infection are still poorly understood. Here we show that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4(-/-) and IL-4 receptor alpha(-/-) mice correlates with retarded granuloma maturation and antileishmanial activity and that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4 receptor alpha(-/-) mice corre...

Interleukin (IL)-4 is a critical stimulator that induces ɛ germline transcripts (ɛGT) for switch recombination to initiate immunoglobulin (Ig) E and is important in allergic disease pathogenesis. We found pentagalloylglucose (PGG) inhibited IL-4-induced ɛGT expression. PGG exerted its inhibitory function by suppressing IL-4-induced activation of IL-4Rα, JAK3 and STAT6. Furthermore, tannic acid,...

The presence of interleukin 4 receptor (IL-4R) on methylcholanthrene (MCA-106, MCA-102, and MC-38)- and viral DNA (G-2TS and 14-2TS)-induced murine sarcoma cells was demonstrated. MCA-106 tumor cells express about 500 to 1348 (median, 800) interleukin 4 (IL-4) binding sites/cell with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 115 +/- 26 pM (mean +/- SD, n = 4). By Northern blot analysis, tumor cells exhib...

Background: Opium addiction alters immune responses to stresses such as an injury due to changing the secretion of cytokines. The present study assessed the effect of opium addiction on the cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-10] before and after laparotomy. Methods: Male rats were randomly divided into control and opium addicted (n = 20...

The complex and interrelated function of the interleukin cytokines relies on a range of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune responses mediated by an array of receptors, and there is considerable cross-reactivity for related cytokines. Recent findings continue to elucidate the expression patterns of interleukin receptors associated with a range of diseases, including cancer. We report ...

Non-alcoholic liver disease is associated with injury, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. During their development, inflammation occure organs damage develops by help of cytokines influences. The intensity injury depends on sex. aim the study was to evaluate changes interleukins in blood male female rats hepatosis, hepatitis used overdrinking glucose. Material methods i...

interleukin (il)-35 is a newly discovered suppressive cytokine and has been shown to alleviate  inflammatory  and  autoimmune  diseases.  the  purpose  of  this  study  was  to investigate immunomodulatory capacity of il-35 in patients with allergic asthma.il-35 mrna expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) were detected  by  quantitative  real-time  pcr  (qpcr).  the  fr...