ing into widespread use for the trace determination of easily oxidizable and reducible organic and inorganic compounds, because it provides a rather easy procedure for direct and selective detection. Recently, microelectrodes have been receiving attention in this field (1,2). They offer higher sensitivity than macroelectrodes of conventional size, because an electroactive molecule can approach ...

The suitability of polysilicon as a material for the fabrication of interdigitated electrodes and their application to the development of sensors is studied in this work. The main interest in using this material lies in the possibility of obtaining integrated sensors with commercial CMOS technologies and simple post-processing steps. Electrodes with 3μm finger width and 3, 10, and 20μm spacing ...

Three-dimensional interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) have been investigated as sensing elements for biosensors. Electric field and current density were simulated in the vicinity of these electrodes as a function of the electrode width, gap, and height to determine the optimum geometry. Both the height and the gap between the electrodes were found to have significant effect on the magnitude and di...

optimal capacitor placement, considering power system loss reduction, voltage profile improvement, line reactive power decrease and power factor correction, is of particular importance in power system planning and control. the distribution system operator calculates the optimal place, number and capacity of capacitors based on two major purposes: active power loss reduction and return on invest...

A simple but accurate pseudo-passive mismatch-shaping D/A converter is described. A digital state machine is used to control the switching sequence of a symmetric two-capacitor network that performs the D/A conversion. The error caused by capacitor mismatch is uncorrelated with the input signal and has only little power in the signal band. The system has been simulated assuming a 0.1% capacitor...

-Multilayer ceramic chip capacitor CDR-05 (MIL part number) is one of the most used parts in ISRO’s satellite program. Cracks evolved in ceramic chip capacitors CDR-05 (size: 1825and dielectric: X7R) of two different makesduring soldering process are studied in this paper. It has been observed that CDR-05 capacitors of one particular make (Manufacturer-A) more prone to crack during soldering on...

Installation of capacitors in distribution networks is one of the most used procedure to compensate reactive power generated by loads and, consequently, to reduce technical losses. So, the problem consists in identifying the optimal placement and sizing of capacitors. This problem is known in the literature as optimal capacitor placement problem. Neverthless, depending on the location and size ...