the difficulty of assessing the writing skill is well known. different testing facets seem to affect the result of assessing the writing skill. in addition to the writer’s ability, the topic of the writing task, and methods of rating may contribute to the writer’s score. in this study, 50 efl learners wrote four different types of writing tasks (convincing, describing, instructing, and explaini...

background human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing strategy for tuberculosis (tb) patients in some high hiv incidence countries has been recommended based on interaction between hiv and tb. objectives the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of hiv infection among newly detected pulmonary tb patients. patients and methods in a cross sectional study,104 cases including 95 non injec...

The amount of resources consumed for a complete and exhaustive testing becomes unreasonable and unaffordable. While it is vital to assure the quality and the reliability of any system, it is impossible to do an exhaustive testing due to the huge number of possible combinations. To bring a balance between exhaustive testing and lack of testing combinatorial interactions testing has been adopted....

Conformance testing is a crucial phase in the life-cycle of communicating systems. However, classical testing methods are not appropriate for use in all tasks concerning the test of telecommunications services (especially regression and integration tests). This is so because Intelligent Networks, into which these services are installed, are modular architectures (composed of building blocks) ev...