introduction the plant hormones such as salicylic acid and gibberellin can affect the quantity and quality of crops. external application of plant growth regulators as a strategy for improving salt tolerance in plants is discussed. foreign salicylic acid can regulate antioxidant enzyme activity and increase plant resistance to abiotic stresses. salicylic acid reduction due to ethylene through t...

background & aim: recent researches have been done on effects of plant growth regulators (pgr) on growth and production of different crops whose results indicate the effectiveness of most of these hormones on qualitative and quantitative growth of herbs. the application of regulators and inhibitors of growth on herbs may, in addition to growth, also lead to secondary metabolites stimulation...

Ectoparasites present a global challenge to animal health, affecting wide range of species. These parasites can infect both animals and humans, leading significant health issues. The impact ectoparasites extends beyond as they also reduce the productivity livestock. Moreover, many ectoparasite species act vectors for bacterial, viral, or parasitic pathogens, thereby posing risks human health. H...

Synthetic nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists, a class of insect growth regulators (IGRs), target the ecdysone receptor (EcR), which forms a heterodimer with ultraspiracle (USP) to transactivate ecdysone response genes. These compounds have high binding affinities to the EcR-USP complexes of certain insects and their toxicity is selective for certain taxonomic orders. In the present study, we develo...

Most animals, including pest insects, live in an "odor world" and depend strongly on chemical stimuli to get information on their biotic and abiotic environment. Although integrated pest management strategies including the use of insect growth regulators (IGRs) are increasingly developed, most insect pest treatments rely on neurotoxic chemicals. These molecules are known to disrupt synaptic tra...

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) are insecticides that mimic insect produced hormones by regulatingdevelopmental process. Theyhave little or no mammalian toxicity, and are considered reduced-risk insecticides that are often exempt from tolerance requirements of regulatory agencies. IGRs, especially, chlorfluazuron, hydroprene and hexaflumuron (benzoylphenylurea) are currently studied because of ...