By definition a compost is a ‘made mixture’, with manure a common raw material. The aim of composting is to fuel the activity of micro-organisms by providing a source of organic carbon, to transform nutrients from the inorganic to the organic form. “Organic” implies that nutrients are locked up as components of cells. In the process of microbial growth, complex organic compounds are broken down...

Nutrients and phytoplankton associated with mariculture development are important concerns globally, as they can significantly impact water quality aquaculture yield. Currently, there is still insufficient information regarding the variations in nutrients community of intensive systems, effective treatment lacking. Here, based on consecutive daily monitoring two Litopenaeus vannamei ponds from ...

Availability of inorganic nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorous, is often a primary control on crude oil hydrocarbon degradation in marine systems. Many studies have empirically determined optimum levels of inorganic N and P for stimulation of hydrocarbon degradation. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of information on fundamental kinetic parameters for nutrient enhanced crude oil bio...

Use of dairy manure to supply crop nutrients is gaining broader acceptance as the cost of fertilizer rises. However, there are concerns regarding manure's effect on water quality. In 2003 and 2004, we measured sediment, NO3-N, NH4-N, K, dissolved reactive P (DRP), and total P (TP) concentrations in runoff from furrow irrigated field plots (6-7 irrigations yr(-1)) cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) i...

Removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and storing the carbon (C) in resistant soil organic matter (SOM) is a global priority to restore soil fertility and help mitigate climate change. Although it is widely assumed that retaining rather than removing or burning crop residues will increase SOM levels, many studies have failed to demonstrate this. We hypothesised that the microbial na...

Plants like all living beings need energy source. The needed by the plants are uptaken in form of 17 essential elements. Among which Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen derived from surrounding. remaining 14 necessary elements supplied either rhizosphere soil organic matter or important inorganic fertilizers value added amendments. start showing nutrient deficiency when they do not get nutrients. More...

Incorporation of biochar to agriculture field has the potential to be a primary factor in maintaining soil fertility and productivity particularly in nitrogen and organic matter limiting environments however, clear experimental evidence to support this views still lacking. The current experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of different organic (biochar and FYM) and inorganic amendm...

Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam] yields currently stand at 4.5 t ha-1 on smallholder farms in Uganda, despite the attainable yield (45-48 t ha-1) of NASPOT 11 cultivar comparable to the potential yield (45 t ha-1) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). On-farm field experiments were conducted for two seasons in the Mt Elgon High Farmlands and Lake Victoria Crescent agro-ecological zones in Uganda t...

We investigated long-term trends (1965–2002) in dissolved inorganic nutrients in the tidal part of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium, The Netherlands). Annually averaged concentrations of dissolved silicate (DSi), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and phosphate (DIP) increased significantly until the mid-1970s, after which they declined linearly at rates of 0.6, 2.9, and 0.3 mmol L21 yr21, respect...

Background: Tillage systems such as zero tillage and minimum or reduced leave more crop residues offer greater protection to soil erosion. Besides appropriate selection of practices, the improvement in average yield per hectare can be achieved by maintaining fertility through proper rate mode application fertilizers. Inorganic organic sources nutrients have potential reversing declining soil-he...