A 32-year-old man with chronic kidney disease secondary to obstructive nephropathy was referred for deceased donor renal transplant, with 9 hours of cold ischemia. The donor was a 53-year-old man who died due to acute ischemic stroke and had a creatinine level of 1.1mg/dL, was cytomegalovirus IgG+ and IgM+, had 5 mismatches, and negative serology for other infections. The recipient was given th...

PATHoGEnEsis Anterior blepharitis is oft en associated with excessive bacterial growth on the lid margins. Th e microbes involved are typically the same species that normally reside there, including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus.2 While questions remain about the role(s) of bacteria in blepharitis, it appears that toxic exoenzymes produced by the colonizing species—partic...

In recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the role of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. These factors are released from injured vessels and coagulated platelets and trigger an infl ammatory response that initiates the deposition of a provisional extracellular matrix. In parallel, mesenchymal and endothelial precursor cells invade the wound to form the gr...

systemic lupus erythematosus Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with heterogeneous manifestations, including internal organ damage, which can result in severe morbidity and even death and often requires aggressive immunosuppressive treatment. More than 30 years ago, a bimodal peak in mortality was described in lupus patients, with late increases in death commonly seen a...

© 2002 Blackwell Science Ltd INTRODUCTION The range and breadth of diseases of the nervous system caused by immunological or infl amma tory disturbances is enormous (Table 1). ‘Primary’ or idiopathic neuroimmune disorders may affect any part of the neuraxis and they are, of course, very familiar to neurologists. ‘Secondary’ disorders, where the neurological disturbance refl ects involvement of ...

Heme is present in the hemoglobin in blood. Extracellular hemoglobin is easily oxidized and readily releases heme. Free heme can be quite cytotoxic, particularly in the presence of oxidants or activated phagocytes. Because of the hydrophobic nature of heme, it can rapidly intercalate with cell membranes and cause severe damage. Hemoglobin-derived heme has been demonstrated to act as a catalyst ...

1The authors thank Trine Poulsen, Annette K. Nielsen, and Kasper B. Poulsen for their skilled technical assistance. The project was fi nancially supported by the Danish Council for Strategic Research (FØSU 2101-07-0111). 2Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Free fatty acids (FFA) are produced in the intestine by microbial fermentation. Recently, a family of G protein-coupled re...

The introduction of targeted therapies against cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha has dramatically changed the management, prognosis and perspectives of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and related forms of spondyloar-thritis. 1 Both the soluble TNF receptor etanercept and the different anti-TNF antibodies are highly successful in reducing the signs and symptoms of disease, th...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are low-grade malignant mesenchymal tumors of GI tract and are believed to originate from malignant transformation of the interstitial cells of Cajal from their precursors [1]. Duodenal GISTs are usually exophytic and appear as submucosal swellings [2]; however, in the absence of specifi c mucosal changes or anatomical variations of the duodenal lumen, it...

Background: Mast cells play a central role in many infl ammatory diseases and assessment of their activation may be of use to provide objective confi rmation of the outcome of food challenge in the diagnosis of food hypersensitivity. However, to date, assessment of mastcell activation using serum markers has been unsuccessful. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore whether locally rele...