The rapid urbanization in many developing countries over the past half century seems to have been accompanied by excessively high levels of concentration of the urban population in very large cities. Some degree of urban concentration may be desirable initially to reduce interand intraregional infrastructure expenditures. But in a mature system of cities, economic activity is more spread out. S...

Trauma Research Center, Department of Anesthesia, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran We read with interest the article ‘‘Emergency Nursing Staff Dispatch: Sensitivity and Specificity in Detecting Prehospital Need for Physician Intervention During Ambulance Transport in Rovigo Emergency Ambulance Service, Italy’’ by Leopardi and Sommacampagna. Regarding th...

the main problem of solid waste management system in tehran is to handle a large amount of waste (7.641 ton/day in 2008). therefore, source reduction can be introduced as one of the first priority for solid waste management in tehran. this research represents the first attempt to quantify the source reduction potential in the city, and subsequently, outlines the principle guidelines, legislatio...

Introduction The demand for office locations has been growing rapidly during recent decades. This has been the consequence of several important developments in the economy, including an increasing emphasis on the service sector. In addition, decreasing transport costs and reductions in trade restrictions are giving firms a stronger international orientation (Dunning and Norman, 1987). A related...

Air transport system has always been involved in all aspects of life because of its high potential in transporting passengers and goods. In this research we surveys the effects of travel variables on demand of domestic air transport, and for gathering required information from passengers, a questionnaire was designed including 20 effective parameters on air transport demand with questions These...

BACKGROUND There is substantial lack of knowledge about the role of socioeconomic status (SES) indicators on life expectancy (LE) within-cities, especially within mega-cities. We aimed to investigate the disparities of LE within city districts of Tehran, Iran, and specify how SES inequalities play role on LE. METHODS The death and population data for 2010 by different age, gender, and residen...

This article aims at identifying the research issues and challenges that need to be addressed to achieve sustainable transportation system for Indian cities. The same is achieved by understanding the current system and trends of urbanization, motorization and modal shares in India; and their impact on mobility and safety (the two basic goals of transportation) as well as environment. Further, t...