Is fertility relevant to evolutionary analyses conducted in modern industrial societies? This question has been the subject of a highly contentious debate, beginning in the late 1980s and continuing to this day. Researchers in both evolutionary and social sciences have argued that the measurement of fitness-related traits (e.g., fertility) offers little insight into evolutionary processes, on t...

Industrial Symbiosis is an important component of Industrial Ecology which studies the collaboration and coexistence of companies to achieve mutual benefits. Its concepts have traditionally focused on ecoefficiency and its direct benefits such as costs reduction, resources optimization and environmental impacts reduction. The paper introduces the use of externalities and collaborative networks ...

1) Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Fanaflaten 4, N-5244 Fana, Norway (*e-mail: tor. [email protected]) 2) Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tungasletta 2, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway 3) Finnish Forest Research Institute, Rovaniemi Research Unit, P.O. Box 16, FI-96301 Rovaniemi, Finland 4) Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway 5) Depa...

The research project CondEcol is structured as a multidisciplinary study of the conditions for moving existing production and consumption patterns in the direction of sustainable development. Working closely in the initial phase with two industrial partners, Norsk Hydro and Renewable Energy Corporation, the project has been given access to high-profile cases of technology and product developmen...

In this work we introduce a content Ontology Design Pattern (ODP) to model and reason about material transformations, a concept that occurs in many different domains ranging from computational chemistry, biology, and industrial ecology to architecture. We model the relationships between products, resources, and catalysts in the transformation process as well as the spatial and temporal constrai...

Helga Weisz, Sangwon Suh, and T. E. Graedel Research Domain Transdisciplinary Concepts & Methods, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany; Department of Cultural History and Theory and Department of Social Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 931...

Haber-Bosch nitrogen (N) has been increasingly used in industrial products, e.g., nylon, besides fertilizer. Massive numbers of species of industrial reactive N (Nr) have emerged and produced definite consequences but receive little notice. Based on a comprehensive inventory, we show that (1) the industrial N flux has increased globally from 2.5 to 25.4 Tg N yr(-1) from 1960 through 2008, compa...