Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes acute and often also chronic liver disease. Worldwide, prevalence of infection is estimated to exceed that of human immunodeficiency virus infection fourfold. Because of the lack of appropriate animal models, knowledge of interactions between virus and host is still limited. Assumptions regarding pathogenesis or the activation status of innate antiviral ...

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α facilitates cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions. Hence its tight regulation is crucial in hypoxia related diseases such as cerebral ischemia. Changes in hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression upon cerebral ischemia influence the expression of its downstream genes which eventually determines the extent of cellular damage. MicroRNAs are endogenous regulators of g...

A sudden decrease in ambient temperature induces the expression of a number of genes in poikilothermic organisms. We report here that the cold inducibility of gene expression in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was enhanced by the rigidification of membrane lipids that was engineered by disruption of genes for fatty acid desaturases. DNA microarray analysis revealed that cold-inducible genes could be...

site-directed mutagenesis (sdm) as a powerful technique was used to change two important and conserved amino acids in 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3- phosphate synthase (epsps) gene of e. coli. the mutations changed glycine 96 to alanine and alanine 183 to threonine. these two amino acids are very important for intraction of the wide spectrum herbicide, glyphosate, to epsp synthase enzymes. by design...

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma categorized into two major subtypes: alveolar RMS (ARMS) and embryonal RMS (ERMS). Most ARMS express the PAX3-FOXO1 (P3F) fusion oncoprotein generated by the 2;13 chromosomal translocation. In the present study, the downstream target genes of P3F were identified by analyzing two independent sets of gene expression profiles: primary RMS tumors and ...

Although numerous physiological studies have addressed the interactions between brassinosteroids and auxins, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an Affymetrix GeneChip representing approximately 8,300 Arabidopsis genes, we studied comprehensive transcript profiles over 24 h in response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and brassinolide (BL). We identified 409 genes as B...

Upon hypoxia, the human erythropoietin (EPO) gene is transactivated by the heterodimeric hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Mammalian SWI/SNF is a chromatin-remodeling complex involved in the modulation of gene expression. We demonstrate that Brahma (Brm) and Brahma/SWI2-related gene 1 (Brg-1), alternative ATPase subunits of SWI/SNF, potentiate reporter gene activation mediated by HIF-1 in an ...

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is the third most important oil crop in global productions. One of the major limiting factors for oilseed rape production is lepidopteran pests of the Brassicaceae family. Transgenic plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes are powerful tools in the integrated pest management of crop plants. In the present study, we used a synthetic Bt insecticidal crysta...

The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 is an important mediator of hypoxic adaptation of tumor cells and controls several genes that have been implicated in tumor growth. Oxygen-dependent degradation of HIF-1a, the regulatory subunit, requires binding to the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) protein. Because functional inactivation of the VHL tumor suppressor gene occurs in up to 70% o...

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K protein is an RNA- and DNA-binding protein implicated in the regulation of multiple processes that comprise gene expression. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays to explore K protein interactions with serum-inducible, constitutively expressed and untranscribed gene loci in vivo. In the rat HTC-IR hepatoma cell line, serum treatment in...