Men with advanced or metastatic prostate cancer commonly receive long-term treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist therapy. This prolonged treatment causes a hypogonadal state of chronic testosterone deficiency. Similar to estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women, testosterone deficiency among these men negatively affects bone metabolism through a complex self-reg...

Osteoporosis often results in fractures, deformity and disability. A rare but potentially challenging complication of osteoporosis is a sternal insufficiency fracture. This case report details a steroid-induced osteoporotic male who suffered a sternal insufficiency fracture after minimal trauma. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management resulted in favourable outcome for the fracture, though ...

Osteoporosis is a serious health problem worldwide. MicroRNA is a post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression by either promoting mRNA degradation or interfering with mRNA translation of specific target genes. It plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Here, we first demonstrated that miR-106b (miR-106b-5p) negatively regulated osteogenic differentiation of mesenchym...

We have invented a mouse model of periodontitis associated with alveolar bone loss induced by lipopolysaccharide. Ovariectomized (OVX) animals are widely used as a model for osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency. To define the relationship between periodontitis and osteoporosis, we examined the influence of estrogen deficiency on the mouse alveolar bone mass. In OVX mice, bone loss was detect...

Bone homeostasis is maintained through a delicate balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption [1, 2]. Bone mass is reduced by decrease in osteoblastic bone formation and increase in osteoclastic bone resorption. Numerous pathological processes have the capacity to disrupt this equilibrium leading to conditions where the rate of bone resorption outpaces the rate ...

Glucocorticoid administration is the leading cause of secondary osteoporosis. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is associated with glucocorticoid-induced bone loss and that HDAC4 dependent bone loss can be ameliorated by miRNA-365. Our previous studies showed that miR-365 mediates mechanical stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by...

Ophthalmologists, on occasion, take the initiative and the responsibility for prescribing systemic steroids to patients with vision-threatening ocular inflammatory disorders. Examples of such disorders include orbital pseudotumor, scleritis, uveitis, giant cell arteritis and optic neuritis. Preoccupation with the challenge and goal of preservation of vision, coupled with the propensity for some...

Bone remodeling is regulated by systemic and local factors, and glucocorticoids are hormones with a significant impact on the skeleton. Bone remodeling is tightly regulated, and bone formation occurs in areas of previously resorbed bone. Bone is continuously regenerated, a process that is carried out by basic multicellular units. These units are comprised by teams of juxtaposed osteoclasts and ...

Osteoporosis is one of the most serious complications of corticosteroid treatment. Loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures occur early in the course of corticosteroid treatment, and thus early recognition of fracture risk and effective intervention based on evidence-based-medicine (EBM) are needed. A study of meta-analysis representing the highest level in a hierarchy of evidence showe...

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis. Fractures, which are often asymptomatic, may occur in as many as 30-50% of patients receiving chronic glucocorticoid therapy. Vertebral fractures occur early after exposure to glucocorticoids, at a time when bone mineral density (BMD) declines rapidly. Fractures tend to occur at higher BMD levels than i...