This report examines whether participants in a study of treatments for marijuana dependence may have increased their use of alcohol when they reduced or ceased marijuana use. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four psychosocial treatments and followed at 3-month intervals for 1 year. Findings are from 207 cases with data at posttreatment and at least one other follow-up. 73% of cases...

Recent studies indicate that emotional processes, mediated by the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC), are of great importance for moral judgment. Neurological patients with VMPC dysfunction have been shown to generate increased utilitarian moral judgments, i.e. are more likely to endorse emotionally aversive actions in order to maximize aggregate welfare, when faced with emotionally salient ...

BACKGROUND Alcoholism and substance dependence frequently co-occur. Accordingly, we evaluated the familial transmission of alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine dependence and habitual smoking in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. METHODS Subjects (n=1212) who met criteria for both DSM-III-R alcohol dependence and Feighner definite alcoholism and their siblings (n=2755) were rec...

objective: the anxiety profile in the stimulant-sensitized animals is not clear. thus, this study was conducted to elucidate the effects of acute and chronic administration of methamphetamine (meth) on the anxiety profile. the aim of this study was to examine whether meth-sensitized rats would show an increase in the expression of anxiogenic-like behaviors and to determine whether a low dose of...

Background: According to recent researches, decision-making style and personality traits play an important role in the drug dependence vulnerability. The aim of current research was to investigate the moderator role of decision-making styles on relationship between personality and drug dependence vulnerability. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty students of Tehran Payame Noor Univer...

We examined the impact of temporal dependence between patterns of error in classified time-series imagery through a simulation modeling approach. This research extended the land-cover-change simulation model we previously developed to investigate: (1) the assumption of temporal independence between patterns of error in classified time-series imagery; and (2) the interaction of patterns of chang...

IMPORTANCE We demonstrate that patients who have undergone gastric bypass surgery (GBS) have a higher risk of inpatient care for alcohol dependence than those who have undergone restrictive surgery. This highlights a need for health care providers to be aware of this so that early detection and treatment can be put in place. OBJECTIVE To evaluate inpatient care for alcohol abuse before and af...

BACKGROUND Low birth weight may be associated with high blood pressure in later life through genetic factors, an association that may be explained by alterations in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. We examined the association of birth weight with cardiac pre-ejection period and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (indicators of cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, respectively) a...