This paper examined the relationship between financial inclusion and stability in South Africa. In so doing, Engle-Granger approach to Error Correction Model (ECM) was used on quarterly time-series data for period 2004 2020. Two different variables were measure inclusion, namely commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults (CBB) number of ATMs 100 000 (ATMs), which regressed separately against B...

The present paper intends to introduce a principle of invariance of "complexity hierarchies" under any "reasonable" changing of the input's dimension measure function. For a Turing machine that takes as input a word of a given length (say n) the input's dimension is n, so in fact the "dimension measure" is the identity function. We state that the set inclusion relation between the complexity cl...

Distance provides a comprehensible perspective for characterizing the difference between two objects in a metric space. There are many measures which have been proposed and applied for various targets in rough set theory. In this study, through introducing set distance and partition distance to rough set theory, we investigate how to understand measures from rough set theory in the viewpoint of...

While the problem of grain alignment was posed more than 60 years ago the quantitative model of grain alignment that can account for the observed polarization arising from aligned grains has been formulated only recently. The quantitative predictions of the radiative torque mechanism, which is currently accepted as the dominant mechanism of grain alignment, open avenues to tracing magnetic fiel...

Automatic detection of lexical entailment, or hypernym detection, is an important NLP task. Recent hypernym detection measures have been based on the Distributional Inclusion Hypothesis (DIH). This paper assumes that the DIH sometimes fails, and investigates other ways of quantifying the relationship between the cooccurrence contexts of two terms. We consider the top features in a context vecto...

AbstractEpidermal inclusion cysts are uncommon in the breast, but the consequences can besevere when these cysts occur in the breast parenchyma. Here, we report two suchcases. The patient in case 1 was an 37-year-old woman with a 3-cm palpable mass inthe right breast. Mammography revealed a round and smoothly outlined mass, whichindicated a benign tumor, and sonography showed an irregularly sha...

We study matrix string scattering amplitudes and matrix string instantons on a marked Riemann surface in the limit of a vanishing string coupling constant. We give an explicit parameterization of the moduli space of such instantons. We also give a description of the set of fermionic supermoduli. The integration over the supermoduli leads to the inclusion of picture changing operators at the int...

NCQA staff and MAP members recognize that no measure will be perfect with respect to each of these attributes, and not all attributes will be equally important for all measures. For example, if a measure requires information that is not currently available in plans’ information systems, it may still be considered for inclusion in HEDIS if it has other desirable attributes, captures meaningful i...

In this paper, we propose a method of automatically extracting word hierarchies based on the inclusion relation of appearance patterns from corpora. We apply a complementary similarity measure to find a hierarchical word structure. This similarity measure was developed for the recognition of degraded machineprinted text in the field and can be applied to estimate one-to-many relations. Our purp...