This study evaluated the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of telbivudine, an investigational nucleoside antiviral for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Twenty-four subjects were assigned to four hepatic function groups (normal function and mild, moderate, and severe impairment, with six subjects in each group) on the basis of Child-Pugh scores. The subjec...

We examined the pharmacokinetic behavior of 200 mg of ciprofloxacin administered intravenously to 32 volunteers whose renal function as measured by creatinine clearance ranged from 0 to 8.99 liters/h per 1.73 m2. Serum clearances (mean +/- standard deviation) were 26.8 +/- 5.7 and 15.4 +/- 4.3 liters/h per 1.73 m2 in normal and anephric volunteers, respectively. The half-life (mean +/- standard...

BACKGROUND Peripheral blood CD34(+) cells and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) increase in myocardial infarction and vascular injuries as a reflection of endothelial damage. Despite the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction in heart failure (HF), no data are available on EPC mobilization in this setting. We investigated the pattern of CD34(+) cells and EPC mobilization during HF ...

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have indicated that the latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) phenotype is heterogeneous and that LADA patients share features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in various proportions. We tested for association of known type 1 and type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in LADA subjects and analyzed relationships to a marker of autoimmune activity (titers of anti-GAD) ...

The pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime (FK-749) were studied in 20 volunteers with various degrees of renal function. Creatinine clearances ranged from zero to 157 ml/min per 1.73 m2. One gram of ceftizoxime was administered by a 30-min drip infusion, and blood and urine samples were collected for up to 48 h after drug administration. For volunteers with a creatinine clearance of greater than or e...

The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were characterized in 56 patients with different degrees of renal function after an intravenous dose of 18.4 +/- 4.7 mg kg-1 (mean +/- standard deviation). Seven subjects had a creatinine clearance (CLCR) of greater than 60 ml min-1 (group I), 13 had a CLCR of 10 to 60 ml min-1 (group II), and 36 had a CLCR of less than 10 ml min-1 (group III). Serial serum sa...

To assess the usefulness of the population pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin (VCM) based on a two-compartment model in Japanese adult patients, predictability by a Bayesian method was evaluated using a concentration time course after single dosing to 22 patients with various degrees of renal function. Using one or two points from the observed data for each patient, the concentrations pre...

We studied the concentrations in plasma and pharmacokinetics of imipenem and cilastatin in elderly patients (greater than 65 years old) who had various degrees of renal function and who were hospitalized with soft tissue infections. Three groups of patients received imipenem-cilastatin (500/500 mg) intramuscularly every 12 h: group I consisted of eight patients with a creatinine clearance (CLCR...