objectives: nitric oxide (no) is a signaling molecule that mediates mechanical bone loading. cyclic guanosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cgmp) is a no-induced effector molecule. the aim of this study was to assess the effect of no-cgmp pathway on orthodontic tooth movement (otm) in rats by use of two phosphodiesterase 5 (pde5) inhibitors namely sildenafil and tadalafil as chemical tools. materials a...

conclusions the occurrence of he is associated with hyponatremia and ppi use in patients with aclf. results in univariate analysis, patients with he in aclf had a significantly higher rate of ppi use (89.1%) compared with non-he (63.6%, p = 0.001). in addition, clinical and standard laboratory variables were significantly different between the two groups regarding the infection rate, hyponatrem...

abstract digestive enzyme inhibitors are proteinacious or nonproteinacious compounds which reduce an enzyme activity through attaching to its active site and/or its substrate. nowadays, plant enzyme inhibitors are of great importance because 1) these have considerable effects on insect digestive enzymes and as a result on their development; and 2) the transgenic plants expressing them are safe....

objective(s):pantoprazole, is a proton pump inhibitor (ppi) prescribed for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal disorders, which in high doses has been suggested to decrease calcium absorption leading to hypocalcaemia and therefore osteoporosis. the aim of this study was to assess whether pantoprazol, could alter the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (otm) in rats. materials and methods: a ...

introduction: tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tkis) were the first drugs to use an intracellular signaling molecule as a therapeutic target. unresponsiveness to tkis limits therapeutic options, making allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) the only option leading to molecular remission. objectives: to characterize cml patients unresponsive to first- and/or second-generation tki t...

BACKGROUND There is concern that patients may be remaining on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) longer than is clinically indicated. Previous research has explored patients' experiences of taking SSRIs and decisions about starting medication. There has been less research into patients' reasons for long-term use and their views and experiences of discontinuation. AIM To explore p...

In this assay, the evaluation of lipophilicity of four ACE-inhibitors and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) with RP-TLC on cellulose layers was described using three binary solvent systems. The selected ACE inhibitors had sufficiently different structures which can indicate the method suitability for their lipophilicity evaluation as the model substances in comparison with HCTZ. In addition, the linea...

HCV-induced hepatitis is one of the most debilitating diseases. The limited number of anti-HCV drugs and drug-resistance necessitate developing of new scaffolds with different mode of actions. HCV non-structural protein 5B (NS5B) is an attractive target for development of novel inhibitors of HCV replication. In this paper, new N'-arylidene-6-(benzyloxy)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carbohydrazi...

Background: Short children face many problems throughout their lives. Consumption of growth hormone and the drugs such as Letrozole, Oxandrolone, and Anastrozole can increase the growth of children and adolescents. There is not an overall estimate of the effects of Letrozole, Oxandrolone, and Anastrozole on the growth of children and adolescents with Idiopathic Short Stature (ISS). There are di...

aquatic animals are important resources for extraction of valuable compounds such as enzymes. in this study, lipase was extracted from the intestine of rainbow trout. samples were defatted with acetone several times; ammonium sulphate (60%) was used for precipitation followed by ultrafiltration for concentrating the samples. the final purification of the enzyme was performed by passing of the s...