BACKGROUND Increased levels of delay discounting have been associated with alcoholism and problematic levels of drinking. Attempts to assess the directionality of this relationship by studying individuals with a family history of alcoholism as well as rodent lines selectively bred for high home cage alcohol preference have yielded discordant results. One possible reason for this discordance is ...

Impulsivity, which is linked to a wide range of psychiatric disorders, is often characterized by a preference for immediate but smaller rewards over delayed but larger rewards. However, debate exists on the relationship between anxiety and impulsivity. Here we use event-related potential (ERP) components as biomarkers in the temporal discounting task to examine the effect of anxiety on inter-te...

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is traditionally thought of as part of a system involved in motor control but recent evidence suggests that it may also play a role in other psychological processes. Here we examined the effects of STN lesions on two measures of impulsivity and found that STN lesions increased 'impulsive action' (produced behavioral disinhibition), as measured by performance on a d...

Sufficient conditions are obtained for every solution of first order nonlinear neutral delay forced impulsive differential equations with positive and negative coefficients tends to a constant as t ∞.

Testing impulsive behavior in rodents is challenging and labor-intensive. We developed a new behavioral paradigm-the Variable Delay-to-Signal (VDS) test-that provides rapid and simultaneous assessment of response and decision impulsivity in rodents. Presentation of a light at variable delays signals the permission for action (nose poke) contingent with a reward. 2 blocks of 25 trials at 3 s del...

Impulsive control and exponential synchronization analysis of a class of complex networks with time-varying coupling delay is investigated in this paper. Our aim is to enhance the synchronizability of the complex networks by applying impulsive control. By introducing a comparison system and estimating the corresponding Cauchy matrix sufficient conditions on global exponential synchronization ar...

Many drugs of abuse produce changes in impulsive choice, that is, choice for a smaller-sooner reinforcer over a larger-later reinforcer. Because the alternatives differ in both delay and amount, it is not clear whether these drug effects are due to the differences in reinforcer delay or amount. To isolate the effects of delay, we used a titrating delay procedure. In phase 1, 9 rats made discret...

In this paper, we devote to investigation of even order impulsive delay differential equations, new oscillation criteria for every solution of equations are established.

We investigate a delayed stage-structured Ivlev’s functional response predator-prey model with impulsive stocking on prey and continuous harvesting on predator. Sufficient conditions of the global attractivity of predator-extinction periodic solution and the permanence of the system are obtained. These results show that the behavior of impulsive stocking on prey plays an important role for the ...