HYPOTHESIS That early word learning and speech perception skills have different sensitive periods and that very early implantation may affect later vocabulary outcomes more than speech perception outcomes. BACKGROUND Several studies have found that deaf children who receive cochlear implants before 3 years of age tend to have better speech perception outcomes than children implanted later. Re...

Every therapeutic strategy and system teach us the philosophy of the treatment system to the patient, but often this teaching is subliminal and the philosophical impact must be seen as "implanted philosophy", which gives distorted interpretations of past events called "implanted memories". Based on the understanding of the connection between "implanted memory" and "implanted philosophy" we have...

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by violations of regularity in sensory stimulus-series in humans. Recently, the MMN has received attention as a clinical and translatable biomarker of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, and for the development animal models of these psychiatric disorders. In this study, we investigated the generation of...

A postural control system in the lamprey is driven by vestibular input and maintains the dorsal-side-up orientation of the animal during swimming. After a unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), the lamprey continuously rolls toward the damaged side. Normally, a recovery of postural equilibrium ("vestibular compensation") takes about 1 mo. However, illumination of the eye contralateral to UL results i...

OBJECTIVES This investigation evaluated the effect of cochlear implant (CI) electrode length on speech comprehension in quiet and noise and compare the results with those of EAS users. METHODES 91 adults with some degree of residual hearing were implanted with a FLEX20, FLEX24, or FLEX28 electrode. Some subjects were postoperative electric-acoustic-stimulation (EAS) users; the other subjects ...

PURPOSE To examine the seizure-protective properties of fluorofelbamate, a felbamate analog, on acute and chronic seizures in an experimental model of self-sustaining status epilepticus (SSSE). METHODS SSSE was induced by stimulation of the perforant path for 30 min (PPS) through chronically implanted electrodes in free-running adult male Wistar rats. Fluorofelbamate was injected intravenousl...

OBJECTIVE The main objective of this work is to study the effect of low pulsed microwaves on the heart rate variability signals derived from electrocardiogram signals of ten cats irradiated with pulsed microwaves with 5.655GHz. METHODS Electrocardiograms of ten anaesthetized cats were measured and recorded using implanted electrodes before microwave exposure. Rectangular pulses at 5.655GHz, 2...

The stability of implanted electrodes is a significant problem affecting their long-term use in vivo. Problems include mechanical failure and inflammation at the implantation site. The engineering of bioactive electrode coatings has been investigated for its potential to promote in-growth of neural tissue and reduce sheer at the electrode-host interface. Preliminary results indicate that hydrog...

It has been known that monkeys will repeatedly press a bar for electrical stimulation in several different brain structures. We explored the possibility of using electrical stimulation in one such structure, the nucleus accumbens, as a substitute for liquid reward in animals performing a complex task, namely visual search. The animals had full access to water in the cage at all times on days wh...