Childs River and Quashnet River, combined with the absence of such spikes at Sage Lot and Flat Ponds, suggests input by plumes from septic tanks. Mean NI&+ concentration in groundwater varied over a relatively small range across the three sites (Fig. 1, middle panels). NH4+ contributed less than 5% of the mean dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) at Childs and Quashnet Rivers. Most of the inorgan...

BACKGROUND Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment has shown great potential as a novel pretreatment technology with high sugar yields. To improve process economics of pretreatment, higher biomass loading is desirable. The goal of this work is to establish, the impact of high biomass loading of switchgrass on IL pretreatment in terms of viscosity, cellulose crystallinity, chemical composition, saccharif...

Article history: Received 26 August 2014 Received in revised form 1 December 2014 Accepted 1 December 2014 Available online 26 December 2014

The most widely accepted definition of health impact assessment (HIA), from a consensus conference in Gothenburg organised by the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) European Centre for Health Policy, defines HIA as ‘a combination of procedures, methods and tools by which a policy, programme or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population, and the distribution o...

Magnesium, titanium and zirconium and their alloys are extensively used in industrial and military applications where they would be subjected to extreme environments of high stress and strain-rate loading. Their hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal lattice structures present interesting challenges for optimizing their mechanical response under such loading conditions. In this paper, we review h...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether different exercise loading is associated with lumbar vertebral texture as assessed with Trabecular Bone Score (TBS). METHODS Data from 88 Finnish female athletes and 19 habitually active women (reference group) were analyzed. Participants' mean age was 24.3 years (range 17-40 years). Athletes were divided into five specific exercise loading groups according to spo...

Wind loading and windborne debris (missile) impact are the two primary mechanisms that result in window glazing damage during hurricanes. Wind-borne debris is categorized into two types: small hard missiles; such as roof gravel; and large soft missiles representing lumber from wood-framed buildings. Laminated architectural glazing (LAG) may be used in buildings where impact resistance is needed...

The purpose of this study was to determine if ground reaction forces were influenced by shoe design (adult vs. youth) for female children when running. Subjects (n = 10, 12.0 ± 1.1 years old; 154 ± 4.9 cm; 46.2 ± 14.3 kg; shoe size 3.5-7 youth) were fit with a shoe model available in youth and adult sizes. Subjects ran 10 trials per shoe condition across a force platform placed in the middle of...

BACKGROUND Cartilage loading is associated with the onset and progression of osteoarthritis and cell death may play an important role in these processes. Although much is known about cell death in joint impact loading, there is no information on joints loaded by muscular contractions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of muscle generated eccentric and concentric submaximal joi...