Bilateral asymmetry of several morphological traits, tonic immobility reaction, and leucocyte ratio were studied in hens and cocks from four Spanish breeds of chickens (Castellana, Buff Prat, Red Villafranquina, and Barred Red Vasca) and an F2 cross between Castellana and Buff Prat (C x BP - F2). Any two or all three types of bilateral asymmetry (fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, an...

This article provides a new direction in digital media and communication studies develops an emergent analytical lens of immobility the context forced migration. Drawing on qualitative multi-sited research approach, I shed light digitally mediated transnational care among Rohingya diaspora refugee camps Bangladesh Brisbane, Australia. draw Massey’s idea ‘power geometry’ with combination ‘immobi...

Background: Stress is the causative factor for various diseases and disorders faced by majority of diseased population. The leaves Sambucus nigra (S. nigra) are attributed to neuropharmacological properties as per literature. Considering above, S. hydroalcoholic extract was tested adaptogenic activity in animals. Objective: study deals with evaluation using cold immobilization footshock induced...

In the current study, the involvement of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) system in the antidepressant-like effects of baclofen was evaluated by using animal model in forced swimming test. Followed by an open field test for the evaluation of locomotor activity, the immobility time for mice in force swimming test was recorded. Only...

The effect of acute oral treatment of losartan potassium, an angiotensin AT1 receptor blocker, on immobility in the forced swim test have been studied using rifampicin-treated (cytochrome P-450 enzyme-induced) and fluconazole-treated (cytochrome P-450 enzyme-inhibited) swiss albino mice respectively. In vehicle-treated group, an enhancement in immobility time was observed at 3 h and 6 h after l...

Glucocorticoids are released after hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis stimulation by stress and act both in the periphery and in the brain to bring about adaptive responses that are essential for life. Dysregulation of the stress response can precipitate psychiatric diseases, in particular depression. Recent genetic studies have suggested that the glucocorticoid carrier transcortin, also calle...

Fox odour 2,4,5-trimethyl thiazoline (TMT) is known to activate multiple glomeruli in the mouse olfactory bulb (OB) and elicits strong fear responses. In this study, we screened TMT-reactive odourant receptors and identified Olfr1019 with high ligand reactivity and selectivity, whose glomeruli are located in the posterodorsal OB. In the channelrhodopsin knock-in mice for Olfr1019, TMT-responsiv...

The most commonly used toxicity test worldwide is the acute Daphnia magna test. The relevance of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in D. magna exposed to chromium, cadmium, and diazinon was evaluated in connection with this standard test. We found no link between enzyme activities and immobility. Concentrations of Cr(6+) up to 280 microg/L had no effect on...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the associations among fluctuating asymmetry, duration of tonic immobility, heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and one-legged standing, crooked toes, or footpad dermatitis in chickens. In experiment 1, cocks (n = 96; 36 wk old) from 11 Spanish breeds and a White Leghorn population that showed one-legged or normal standing were used. There were no significan...

BACKGROUND Chronic stress has been reported to increase basal pain sensitivity and/or exacerbate existing persistent pain. However, most surgical patients have normal physiological and psychological health status such as normal pain perception before surgery although they do experience short-term stress during pre- and post-operative periods. Whether or not this short-term stress affects persis...