A peloton is a group of cyclists whose individual and collective energy expenditures are reduced when cyclists ride behind others in zones of reduced air pressure; this effect is known in cycling as ‘drafting’. Through drafting cyclists couple their energy expenditures. Coupling of cyclists’ energy expenditures when drafting is the basic peloton property from which self-organized collective beh...

In this research, softening and ratcheting behaviors of Ck20 alloy steel cylindrical shells were studied under displacement-control and force-control cyclic axial loading and the behavior of hysteresis curves of specimens was also investigated. Experimental tests were performed by a servo-hydraulic INSTRON 8802 machine. The mechanical properties of specimens were determined according to ASTM E8...

A general formulation of scalar hysteresis is proposed. This formulation is based on two steps. First, a generating function g(x) is associated with an individual system, and a hysteresis evolution operator is defined by an appropriate envelope construction applied to g(x), inspired by the overdamped dynamics of systems evolving in multistable free-energy landscapes. Second, the average hystere...

The main focus of this article is to investigate the effects of Adaptive control on the switching frequency and Total Harmonic Distortion of a modified, minimally switched hysteresis controlled shunt active power filter. Reference current generation was done using Instantaneous real and reactive power algorithm. Pulses to the minimally switched grid interactive inverter in which only two switch...

Conventional wisdom says that it takes ever increasing marketing budgets and/or lower prices to create sustained growth in sales, which may or may not be profitable in the long run. However, some documented cases and conceptual evidence suggest that marketing spending or prices can exhibit hysteresis in market response, a condition where temporary changes in the marketing mix are associated wit...

Preisach model is a well-known hysteresis identification method in which the hysteresis is modeled by linear combination of hysteresis operators. Although Preisach model describes the main features of system with hysteresis behavior, due to its rigorous numerical nature, it is not convenient to use in real-time control applications. Here a novel neural network approach based on the Preisach mod...

Diel hysteresis occurs often between soil CO2 efflux (R(S)) and temperature, yet, little is known if diel hysteresis occurs in the two components of R(S), i.e., autotrophic respiration (R(A)) and heterotrophic respiration (R(H)), and how diel hysteresis will respond to future rainfall change. We conducted a field experiment in a desert ecosystem in northern China simulating five different scena...

In this paper, an ellipse-based mathematic model is developed to characterize the rate-dependent hysteresis in piezoelectric actuators. Based on the proposed model, an expanded input space is constructed to describe the multivalued hysteresis function H[u](t) by a multiple input single output (MISO) mapping Gamma:R(2)-->R. Subsequently, the inverse MISO mapping Gamma(-1)(H[u](t),H[u](t);u(t)) i...