The incidence of rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis is higher among asthmatic patients, probably because the pathogenesis of both conditions is characterized by eosinophilic infl ammation. Surgical treatment for polyps may be necessary when medical treatment is not effective, although relapses can occur even after surgery [1]. Omalizumab is a chimeric monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE)...

BACKGROUND The clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is proposed to be too late for the application of beneficial neuroprotective treatment. Thus, it is important to identify and follow individuals at risk for PD in order to gain knowledge about the prodromal course of the disease. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity (SN+) has been confirmed as a risk factor for PD and appears promising...

Objective Olfactory dysfunction is known to have significant social, psychological, and safety implications. Despite increasingly recognized prevalence, potential risk factors for olfactory loss have been arbitrarily documented and knowledge is limited in scale. The aim of this study is to identify potential demographic and exposure variables correlating with olfactory dysfunction. Methods Cr...

The disease caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) spread rapidly from China to entire world. Approx-imately one third of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients have neurological disorders, especially those classified as severe cases and that require mechanical ventilation. On other hand, almost nine out 10 admitted an Intensive Care Unit could not breathe spontaneously, thus requiring invas...

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a group of rare developmental disorders characterized by low gonadotropin levels in the face sex steroid hormone concentrations. IHH practically divided into two major groups according to olfactory function: normal sense smell (normosmia) nIHH, and reduced (hyposmia/anosmia) Kallmann syndrome (KS). Although mutations more than 50 genes have been...

Olfactory deficits and executive dysfunction are early and common symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies have shown that hyposmia can be a first sign of PD. The aim of the present study was to determine which of three olfactory tests and two selected tests of executive function would be the best predictor of future PD over a 5 year period. In a cohort of 361 nonparkinsonian, non...