Six patients are reported in whom systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and thyrotoxicosis coexisted. All had four or more American Rheumatism Association criteria (1982) for the diagnosis of SLE and had clinical manifestations and function test results characteristic of hyperthyroidism (except for one who had been thyroidectomised previously). In three patients the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism pr...

the ideal approach for adequate management of subclinical hyperthyroidism (low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone [tsh] and normal thyroid hormone level) is a matter of intense debate among endocrinologists. the prevalence of low serum tsh levels ranges between 0.5% in children and 15% in the elderly population. mild subclinical hyperthyroidism is more common than severe subclinical hyperthy...

Background: Central hyperthyroidism is characterized by elevated free thyroid hormone and unsuppressed stimulating (TSH) this laboratory feature includes TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma (TSHoma) resistance to β (RTHβ). combined with Graves' disease (GD) has been rarely reported. Case Report: We describe three patients TSHoma GD one patient RTHβ adenoma. These showed hormone, while TSH level was...

Background: Thyroid hormones (TH) thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are known to be essential for maintaining optimal cognitive ability in adults. TH deprivation (hypothyroidism) or excess (hyperthyroidism) may alter signaling pathways involved adult hippocampal neurogenesis synaptic plasticity, thus increasing the risk of neurodegenerative disorders leading changes performance. Aim: Thi...

A 12-year-old girl presented with an acute confusional state and a 2-year history of weight loss, anxiety, agitation and recurrent fever. Thyroid function tests confirmed severe hyperthyroidism, and a diagnosis of thyroid storm was made (Burch and Wartofsky score=75). ECG showed a prolonged QTc interval of 506 ms. Acute treatment for thyroid storm consisted of Lugol's iodine, prednisolone, carb...

Fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism may occur in mothers with Graves' disease. Fetal thyrotoxicosis manifestation is observed with the transition of TSH receptor stimulating antibodies to the fetus from the 17th-20th weeks of pregnancy and with the fetal TSH receptors becoming responsive after 20 weeks. The diagnosis is confirmed by fetal tachycardia, goiter and bone age advancement in pregnancy...

All cases of familial thyrotoxicosis with absence of evidence of autoimmunity and all children with persistent isolated neonatal hyperthyroidism should be evaluated for familial non-autoimmune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism (FNAH) or persistent sporadic non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism (PSNAH). First, all index patients should be analysed for the presence/absence of a thyroid-stimulating horm...

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the consequent oxidative damage are involved in the development of several diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism and, less frequently, orbitopathy. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased oxidative stress. Untreated hyperthyroidism is associated with an incr...

We have experienced two cases (Case 1: 21-year-old female, Case 2: 26-year-old female) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with hyperthyroidism. Case 1 had been treated with methimazole (MMI) and betamethasone for approximately two years. Although thyroid function improved with the treatment, laboratory data of SLE deteriorated. She was successfully treated with betamethasone alone...