We constrain proposed phenomenological models for a vacuum energy which decays with the expansion of the universe from considerations of standard big bang nucleosynthesis. Several models which are simple enough to be physically appealing are ruled out. Typeset using REVTEX

Introduction Since the late 1990s the evolution of center-periphery relationships in Russia became complicated by an additional factor that came into play as a result of the growth of capitalism and, more specifically, the territorial expansion of big businesses into the regions. Some of Russia’s major financial-industrial groups (FIGs) and the notorious oligarchs started to re-orient their act...

LIGO has completed a series of observations searching for evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave background. There has been no detection to date. However the sensitivity of the observations is approaching the Big Bang nucleosynthesis bound. Future observations will provide information that bounds a number of early Universe models of stochastic gravitational waves.

An upper limit on the masses of scalar superpartners in split supersymmetry is found by considering cosmological constraints on long-lived gluinos. Over most of parameter space, the most stringent constraint comes from big bang nucleosynthesis. A TeV mass gluino must have a lifetime of less than 100 seconds to avoid altering the abundances of D and Li. This sets an upper limit on the supersymme...

This study presents the design and real-time applications of an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy PID (IT2-FPID) control system on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a flexible cable-connected payload in comparison to Type-1 (T1-FPID) counterparts. The IT2-FPID has significant stability, disturbance rejection, response time advantages. To prove show these advantages, DJI Tello, commercial UAV, is used test...

Dynamic behaviour of a WMN imposes stringent constraints on the routing policy of the network. In the shortest path based routing the shortest paths needs to be evaluated within a given time frame allowed by the WMN dynamics. The exact reasoning based shortest path evaluation methods usually fail to meet this rigid requirement. Thus, requiring some soft computing based approaches which can repl...

The big bang model and the history of the early universe according to the grand unified theories are introduced. The shortcomings of big bang are discussed together with their resolution by inflationary cosmology. Inflation, the subsequent oscillation and decay of the inflaton, and the resulting ‘reheating’ of the universe are studied. The density perturbations produced by inflation and the tem...

Since Porter’s work on competitive strategies in the 1980s, the concept of competitive intelligence has become part of the management mainstream. Currently, two big shifts are challenging the state of the art. On the one hand there is the rise of the ubiquitous servicification in all industries which makes the existing methods for productoriented industries outdated. On the other hand there is ...

This paper reports a study which provides a series of implications that may be particularly helpful to companies already leveraging ‘big data’ for their businesses or planning to do so. The Data Driven Business Model (DDBM) framework represents a basis for the analysis and clustering of business models. For practitioners the dimensions and various features may provide guidance on possibilities ...