Previously we showed that mononuclear cells from about half of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-seropositive persons exhibit spontaneous proliferation in vitro. We sought to determine if proliferation was associated with other immunologic changes characteristic of HTLV infection. The parameters assessed were (1) percentages of lymphocytes expressing CD4 and/or CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor), (2...

Crusted scabies is the most severe presentation of infection related to the bite of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. It is usually seen in patients with an underlying immunosuppressive condition. Case reports and studies suggest that infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a major predisposing factor to S scabiei infestation. This case report describes severe crusted...

The confirmation of infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) currently involves multiple assays. These include Western blot (immunoblot) (WB) and/or radioimmunoprecipitation assay for detection of antibodies to HTLV-specific viral proteins and polymerase chain reaction and/or peptide-based enzyme immunoassays for differentiating between the two viruse...

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) infection and often occurs in HTLV-1-endemic areas, such as southwestern Japan, the Caribbean islands, Central and South America, Intertropical Africa, and Middle East. To date, many epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the incidence of ATL among general pop...

This study evaluated four polymorphisms located in the DC-SIGN (CD209) gene promoter region (positions -336, -332 -201 and -139) in DNA samples from four Brazilian ethnic groups (Caucasians, Afro-Brazilian, Asians and Amerindians) to establish the population distribution of these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and correlated DC-SIGN polymorphisms and infection in samples from human T-ce...

Immunosuppression that is associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection predisposes to hyperinfective strongyloidiasis.1,2 One study suggests that it also predisposes to crusted scabies.3 In a study of Australian aborigines by Mollison and colleagues,4 all 5 cases of crusted scabies were in patients who were seropositive for HTLV-1. In a series by Blas and colleagues3 con...

In countries with a low prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection, indeterminate HTLV serologies are a major problem in blood bank screening because of the uncertainties about infection in these cases. The recent discovery of two new types of simian T-lymphotropic viruses (STLV), which give an HTLV-indeterminate serology, raises the question whether indeterminate serologies in h...

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) is responsible for HTLV-I associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Both diseases have been well described in individuals living in Japan, West Indies, Seychelles Islands and Columbia where infection with HTLV-I is considered endemic and in persons whose descendants originated fr...

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) in two hospitals Riyadh, as well judge best type tests ensure blood transfusion safety. By using serological nucleic acid test (NAT) tests, these donors were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV), B (HBV), T-lymphotropic 1 (HTLV-1), 2 (HTLV-2), syphilis, mala...

The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus reported in humans, and it is a cellular transforming agent (BJ Poiesz et al. 1980 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77: 7415-7419). It has the capacity to produce tumors of T-cells, neurologic diseases and possibly immunosuppression (M Popovic et al. 1984 Science 226: 459-462). The HTLV-1 has been associated with the etiology of seve...