In the present study, the effect of orexin-A (ORXA) microinjection into the paragigantocellularis lateralis (LPGI) on nociceptive behaviors, using hot-plate and formalin tests as thermal and chemical models of pain in rat, was examined. Also, we determined whether the pretreatment with SB-334867, a selective OX1-receptor antagonist, would prevent the antinociceptive effect of orexin-A. ORXA (0....

Our previously conducted pharmacological investigations led us to discovery of the strong local anesthetic activity of the compound KP-23RS. The following studies revealed that its R- and S-diasteroisomers had different activity in the local anesthetic, anti-aggregating, anti-arrhythmic and spasmolytic tests. Also the influence of KP-23RS and its diastereoisomers on the cyclic adenosine monopho...

Volcanism on Earth is known to occur in three tectonic settings: divergent plate boundaries (such as mid-ocean ridges), convergent plate boundaries (such as island arcs), and hot spots. We report volcanism on the 135 million-year-old Pacific Plate not belonging to any of these categories. Small alkalic volcanoes form from small percent melts and originate in the asthenosphere, as implied by the...

OBJECTIVE Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication in Diabetes Mellitus. The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rodent is the most commonly used animal model of diabetes and increased sodium channel expression and activity were revealed in this model. At this study, we evaluated the effect of three different nafimidone derivatives which have possible anticonvulsant activity on disorders o...

Asymmetrical shear rolling with velocity asymmetry and geometry asymmetry is beneficial to enlarge deformation and refine grain size at the center of the thick plate compared to conventional symmetrical rolling. Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) plays a vital role in grain refinement during hot deformation. Finite element models (FEM) coupled with microstructure evolution models and cellular auto...

Leonurus cardiaca, commonly known as motherwort, is a member of the Lamiaceae family. It has a number of interesting biological activities, for example, sedative and hypotensive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of aerial part of Leonurus cardiaca on nociceptive response using formalin, ...

Young leaves of Triticum aestivum is commonly known as Wheatgrass and has been widely used in the traditional system for the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this study we have used ninth day wheat grass methanolic extract of the shade dried drug for its anti-inflammatory & analgesic activities. . It was carried out using Carrageenan induced paw edema volume, Hot plate and Writhing respon...

Manufacturers of rolled materials are always striving to reduce the costs associated with production—be they time, material, or waste. This is especially true with the manufacture of nextgeneration particle-reinforced materials, such as those used in high-value automotive components. Process variables such as temperahire, roller speed, and plate dimensions, among others, all affect strength, du...

The antinociceptive activity of mycelial extract from fermented mushroom of Ganoderma lucidum Coprinus comatus and Grifola frondosa were studied in this paper. The writhing test, formalin test and hot-plate test were used to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the acetone extracts of the three Species of Fungi of Basidiomycetes in the study respectively. The extract of Ganoderma lucidum in...