The objective of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that a high concentration of ionized calcium in the lumen of the medullary collecting duct causes an osmole-free water diuresis. The urine flow rate and osmolality were measured in normal human subjects, as well as in patients with a history of nephrolithiasis who excreted more than 5 mmol of calcium per 24 h. There was an inverse relat...

The effects of various forms of acidosis on ionized calcium concentrations were investigated in vivo in rabbits and in vitro in human plasma. Calculation of least square regression equations of ionized calcium (mM) on pH yielded the following regression coefficients in human plasma: bypercapnic acidosis —0.53±0.07; hydrochloric acidosis —0.65 ±0.06; lactic acidosis —0.27±0.05. These findings in...

Abstract Background Low-ionized magnesium and high-ionized calcium levels are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing dialysis. We examined the effects of dilution method, substitution volume, dialysate on-line hemodiafiltration on total ionized levels. Methods Eighteen were randomly assigned to three groups: two acetic acid groups one citrate group. Five treat...

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension may complicate to preeclampsia and eclampsia. The pathophysiology of the former is still confusing, many authors suggested different opinions, and indicated different parameters for the prognosis of this. Aim: To evaluate serum HDL and LDL cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, ionized calcium in pregnancy induced hypertension patients. Materials and metho...

BACKGROUND An inverse relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and bone mineral density (BMD) has been suggested, but prospective evaluation in premenopausal women is lacking. METHODS Participants of this prospective study were 21 to 45 year-old premenopausal women with MDD (n = 92) and healthy controls (n = 44). We measured BMD at the anteroposterior lumbar spine, femoral neck, t...

The acute effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol on the plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) response were studied in 13 550-600 kg cows. Catecholamines were infused for 7.0 min. During epinephrine infusions at 0.08 mumol/min iPTH increased from 0.48+/-0.12 (mean+/-SE, ng/ml) to 1.09+/-0.18 ng/ml (P < 0.02). Small increases in plasma free fatty acids and glucose c...

The role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in fetal calcium homeostasis and placental calcium transport was examined in mice homozygous for the deletion of the PTHrP gene (PTHrP-/- null; NL) compared to PTHrP+/+ (wild-type; WT) and PTHrP+/- (heterozygous; HZ) littermates. Fetal blood ionized calcium was significantly reduced in NL fetuses compared to WT and HZ groups at 18 days of ...

Minerals play an essential role in the normal vital process.Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium are the most abundant minerals. Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone play a key role in regulation of their homeostasis as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone on 30 Caspian horses of Guilan Province (south of the Caspian Sea) in two...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether perioperative PTH levels or ionized calcium levels are associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia, in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. STUDY DESIGN Prospective noncontrolled study of a cohort of 100 patients, undergoing parathyroidectomy at a single tertiary care medical centre. METHODS Prospectively collected data from Janu...

The concentration of free, ionized magnesium in undiluted blood serum can be determined potentiometrically with a new magnesium-selective carrier in polymeric membrane electrodes (by weight 66% plasticizer, approximately 33% polyvinyl chloride and approximately 1% ionophore). However, discrimination of calcium by the new ionophore-added membrane is not sufficient to keep calcium interference to...