The seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns retrofitted using the steel plate sandwich method bonded with prestressed PC bars was compared in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. Therefore, bending strength, initial horizontal rigidity, cumulative energy absorption improved.

Isotropic, rotating, and stratified turbulent flows are analyzed using a scale- and direction-dependent flatness. The anisotropy of the spatial fluctuations of the energy distribution can hereby be quantified for different length scales. This measure allows one to distinguish between longitudinal and transversal intermittency as well as between horizontal and vertical intermittency. The differe...

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. The Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) III seeks to enhance the capabilities of TCAS II by providing additional encounter resolution in the horizontal plane. The additi...

A previous study showed that the initial ocular following responses elicited by sudden motion of a large random-dot pattern were only modestly attenuated when that whole pattern was shifted out of the plane of fixation by altering its horizontal binocular disparity, but the same disparity applied to a restricted region of the dots had a much more powerful effect [Vision Research 41 (2001) 3371]...

Alan is a visualizing animal intimately related to his environment by the things which he sees in the world around him. His range of vision is increased by movements of the head and body and by deviations of the eyes. It seems probable that in man gaze in the horizontal plane is dominant over that in other directions, and it is such horizontal deviations which will be considered at the present ...

Gradient based microphone arrays, the horizontal sound field’s plane wave decomposition, and the corresponding circular harmonics decomposition are reviewed. Further, a general relation between directivity patterns of the horizontal sound field gradients and the circular harmonics of any order is derived. Based on this relation, a number of example differential microphone arrays are analyzed, i...

OBJECTIVE This study examined the effect of microphone placement on the interaural level differences (ILDs) available to bilateral cochlear implant (BiCI) users, and the subsequent effects on horizontal-plane sound localization. DESIGN Virtual acoustic stimuli for sound localization testing were created individually for eight BiCI users by making acoustic transfer function measurements for mi...

This study investigated the relationship between forward head posture and temporomandibular disorder symptoms. Thirty-three temporomandibular disorder patients with predominant complaints of masticatory muscle pain were compared with an age- and gender-matched control group. Head position was measured from photographs taken with a plumb line drawn from the ceiling to the lateral malleolus of th...

OBJECTIVE To familiarize new criteria to access vertical position of mental foramen in panoramic radiographs. Furthermore, to determine and compare the position and symmetry of mental foramen in horizontal as well as in vertical plane in Indian population and to compare the results with those reported for other populations in the literature. Further gender differences in mental foramen position...

To explore the role of the mechanical system in control, we designed a two-dimensional, feed-forward, dynamic model of a hexapedal runner (death-head cockroach, Blaberus discoidalis). We chose to model many-legged, sprawled posture animals because of their remarkable stability. Since sprawled posture animals operate more in the horizontal plane than animals with upright postures, we decoupled t...