[1] Modern dusts across southwestern United States deserts are compositionally similar to dust-rich Av soil horizons (depths of 0–0.5 cm and 1–4 cm at 35 sites) for common crustal elements but distinctly different for some trace elements. Chemical compositions and magnetic properties of the soil samples are similar among sites relative to dust sources, geographic areas, and lithologic substrate...

[1] Phyllosilicates have previously been detected in layered outcrops in and around the Martian outflow channel Mawrth Vallis. CRISM spectra of these outcrops exhibit features diagnostic of kaolinite, montmorillonite, and Fe/Mg-rich smectites, along with crystalline ferric oxide minerals such as hematite. These minerals occur in distinct stratigraphic horizons, implying changing environmental c...

Parent materials greatly influence soil development and the distribution of soils on the southeastern US Coastal Plain. We examined the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of 11 pedons in a 1-ha plot on the Upper Coastal Plain of Georgia, USA. Uniformity of parent materials was assessed by sand grain size characteristics. The soils have sandy epipedons of variable thickness and arg...

Manganese (Mn) contamination of drinking water may cause aesthetic and human health problems when concentrations exceed 50 and 500 μg l, respectively. In the UK, the majority of Mn-related drinking water supply failures originate from unpolluted upland catchments. The source of Mn is therefore soil, but the exact mechanisms by which it is mobilised into surface waters remain unknown. Elevated M...

Survey respondents who make point predictions and histogram forecasts of macrovariables reveal both how uncertain they believe the future to be, ex ante, as well as their ex post performance. Macroeconomic forecasters tend to be overconfident at horizons of a year or more, but over-estimate the uncertainty surrounding their predictions at short horizons. Journal of Economic Literature classific...

We show that static metrics solving vacuum Einstein equations (possibly with a cosmological constant) are one-sided analytic at non-degenerate Killing horizons. We further prove analyticity in a two-sided neighborhood of “bifurcate horizons”. It is a pleasure to dedicate this work to Prof. Staruszkiewicz, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.

We discuss various features of the dynamical system determined by the flow of null geodesic generators of Cauchy horizons. Several examples with non–trivial (“chaotic”, “strange attractors”, etc.) global behaviour are constructed. Those examples are relevant to the “chronology protection conjecture”, and they show that the occurrence of “fountains” is not a generic feature of Cauchy horizons.

The subject and main areas of a new research field-cybernetical physics-are discussed. A brief history of cybernetical physics is outlined. The main areas of activity in cybernetical physics are briefly surveyed, such as control of oscillatory and chaotic behaviour, control of resonance and synchronization, control in thermodynamics, control of distributed systems and networks, quantum control....

Input–output analysts are often confronted with requests for impacts assessments for economic shocks that stretch uncomfortably the assumptions of standard input–output modeling. This paper presents an approach to confronting a subset of these challenges straightforwardly in a way that ameliorates some of the more restrictive input– output assumptions, maintains the inter–industry detail of the...

It is folklore knowledge amongst general relativists that horizons are well behaved, continuously differentiable hypersurfaces except perhaps on a negligible subset one needs not to bother with. We show that this is not the case, by constructing a Cauchy horizon, as well as a black hole event horizon, which contain no open subset on which they are differentiable.