an efficient and green method for the synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c]chromene or pyrano[4,3-b]pyrone derivatives is described by using a three-component condensation process of malononitrile, aldehyde, and 4-hydroxycoumarine or 4-hydroxypyrone in [bmim]bf4-licl as an ionic liquid.

This article presents a new data-driven spatial decomposition algorithm that allows the splitting of domain containing point particles into elementary cells, each cell spatially-uniform distribution particles. For purpose, relies on use statistical information for and then extracts an optimal decomposition. After evaluating convergence accuracy homogeneous inhomogeneous cases, this is applied t...

We derive conservation and balance laws for the translational gauge theory of dislocations by applying Noether’s theorem. We present an improved translational gauge theory of dislocations including the dislocation density tensor and the dislocation current tensor. The invariance of the variational principle under the continuous group of transformations is studied. Through Lie’s-infinitesimal in...

For many real physico-chemical complex systems detailed mechanism includes both reversible and irreversible reactions. Such systems are typical in homogeneous combustion and heterogeneous catalytic oxidation. Most complex enzyme reactions include irreversible steps. The classical thermodynamics has no limit for irreversible reactions whereas the kinetic equations may have such a limit. We repre...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract The present paper introduces an analytical approach fo...

Evapotranspiration (ET) estimates are required for many applications in agricultural and environmental management, from hydrological applications to crop models and irrigation scheduling. Improvement in irrigation water management is achieved when crop water use is accurately quantified in time and space. Conventionally, ET can be measured using Bowen ratio energy balance systems, eddy covarian...