When an observer with a holistic viewing attitude perceives transparency in an achromatic two-dimensional pattern, some areas of the pattern form a single transparent phenomenal surface. In each of these areas the observer simultaneously perceives the gray color of the transparent surface and the gray color of the background that is visible through the transparent surface. With an analytic view...

Diverse evidence shows that perceptually integral dimensions, such as those composing color, are represented holistically. However, the nature of these holistic representations is poorly understood. Extant theories, such as those founded on multidimensional scaling or general recognition theory, model integral stimulus spaces using a Cartesian coordinate system, just as with spaces defined by s...

In this study, the authors improved the understanding of the cognitive processes underlying the reflective-impulsive cognitive style (RI), which was initially measured by J. Kagan, B. L. Rosman, D. Day, J. Albert, and W. Phillips (1964) on the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT). The authors determined the relationships between the RI style and the cognitive factors, which would be likely to ...

Collaborative rating sites such as IMDB and Yelp have become rich resources that users consult to form judgments about and choose from among competing items. Most of these sites either provide a plethora of information for users to interpret all by themselves or a simple overall aggregate information. Such aggregates (e.g., average rating over all users who have rated an item, aggregates along ...

This article applied meta-analytic methodology to integrate findings from 22 comparisons of the effectiveness of student-rating feedback at the college level. On the average, feedback had a modest but significant effect on improving instruction. Instructors receiving mid-semester feedback averaged.16 of a rating point higher on end-of-semester overall ratings than did instructors receiving no m...

a new modified adomian decomposition method (adm) is utilized to obtain an analytical solution for buckling of the nanocantilever actuators immersed in liquid electrolytes. the nanoactuators in electrolytes are subject to different nonlinear forces including ionic concentration, van der waals, external voltage and electrochemical forces. the duan–rach modified adomian decomposition method is ut...

According to the argumentative theory of reasoning, humans have evolved reasoning abilities (usually known as ‘system 2’ or ‘analytic’ reasoning) for argumentative purposes. This implies that some reasoning skills should be universals. Such a claim seems to be at odd with findings from cross-cultural research. First, a wealth of research, following the work of Luria, has shown apparent difficul...

According to the hybrid theory of object recognition (J. E. Hummel, 2001), ignored object images are represented holistically, and attended images are represented both holistically and analytically. This account correctly predicts patterns of visual priming as a function of translation, scale (B. J. Stankiewicz & J. E. Hummel, 2002), and left-right reflection (B. J. Stankiewicz, J. E. Hummel, &...

People with facial paralysis (FP) report social difficulties, but some attempt to compensate by increasing expressivity in their bodies and voices. We examined perceivers' emotion judgments of videos of people with FP to understand how they interpret the combination of an inexpressive face with an expressive body and voice. Results suggest perceivers form less favorable impressions of people wi...

User experience practitioners have benefitted from the availability of usability measures that are short, generalizable, and easy to interpret, such as the System Usability Scale. However, such generalizable instruments fail to address many of the key characteristics of software applications that can be used across a range of mobile devices. Our response is development of MUX, a mobile user exp...