Malignant transformation from normal colonic mucosa to carcinomas may be accelerated by genetic loss or inactivation of genes of the DNA mismatch repair system. The aim of the study was to determine the local incidence and pattern of immunohistochemical expression of mismatch repair proteins namely: hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 in a series of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and correlate this to their c...

UNLABELLED Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common malignancy associated with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) family. The development of HNPCC is associated with defects in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI is present in a greater number of EC than can be accounted for by inherited MMR mutations, therefore alternati...

The contribution of cigarette smoking to sporadic colorectal cancer may differ according to molecular aspects of the tumor or according to glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) or glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) genotype. In the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer, adjusted incidence rate ratios for 1986-1993 were computed for overall colorectal cancer, tumors with and w...

Although the gastric remnant has been reported to be at high risk for carcinogenesis, the process of carcinogenesis of gastric remnant cancer (GRC) remains unclear. In this study, genetic alterations in GRC were examined in order to investigate the carcinogenic pathways of GRC. Twenty-one patients with GRC were investigated and were compared to 36 patients with sporadic gastric cancer (GC) as a...

BACKGROUND Microsatellite instability (MSI) at tri- or tetranucleotide repeat markers (elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeat, EMAST) has been recently described. But, the underlying genetic mechanism of EMAST is unclear. This study was to investigate the prevalence of EMAST, in type I endometrial carcinoma, and to determine the correlation between the MSI status...

Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by germ-line mutations in one of several DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, most commonly in hMSH2 and hMLH1. Human exonuclease 1 (hExo1) possesses both 5'exonuclease and flap endonuclease activities and plays a role in DNA repair, recombination, and replication. The enzyme interacts with MMR proteins...

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical value of different criteria and to understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype in Chinese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). A total of 116 unrelated probands of suspected HNPCC families from the Fudan Colorectal Registry were studied. A total of 32, 28, and 56 families fulfilled the Amsterdam criteria, the Fud...

To investigate the contributions of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation and DNA methylation to p16, hMLH1 and MGMT silencing in ovarian cancer cells, we treated three ovarian cancer cell lines with Trichostatin A (TSA) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and examined the status of mRNA expression, DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation at the promoter of p16, hMLH1 and MGMT. The results showed ...