Man has used the stack ventilation strategy for centuries to ensure comfortable indoor environment in their buildings. Today, in the conditions of the denser built environment and the need for deep-plan buildings seems inevitable, the application of stack ventilation strategy has become more important, especially when the natural cross ventilation has limited functions. However, realizing the f...

This study intends to understand and analyse the visual pollution caused by particle deposition on the stone fac ades that ultimately cause blackening of buildings and affect the aesthetic value of the fac ade. The aesthetics is complex and is subjected to differences in opinion between individuals. For the purpose of this study different types of buildings in Amman (residential, commercial, hi...