The effect of sympathectomy on the size of the collateral vessels in acute arterial ligation in a hind limb was measured by an angiographic angiometric technic and by noting the pressure in the ligated artery distal to the ligature. The size of the largest collateral vessel present on the sympa-thectomized side was the same as that on the innervated side. The blood pressure in the ligated arter...

T HE PERSISTENCE of donor-derived leukocytes. which are capable of proliferating. trafficking, and interacting within the recipient tissues. has been proposed as a biological mechanism which facilitates the induction of acquired tolerance after whole organ transplantation. l Although the details of the intrinsic mechanisms which underlie the bidirectional immune modulation are unknown. it is sp...

1. The effects of streptozotocin-diabetes on the local and general responses to a 4 h period of bilateral hind-limb ischaemia in the rat have been investigated. The rats were injured 48 h after the intravenous injection of the streptozotocin. 2. Less fluid was lost from the circulation into the injured limbs after injury in the diabetic rats and this was directly related to the severity of the ...

Rupture of the CrCL is one of the most common reasons for hind limb lameness, pain, and subsequent knee arthritis. Since the development of this problem in dogs is much more complex than in humans, and they experience different degrees of rupture (partial or complete), the canine condition is referred to as ‘cranial cruciate ligament disease’ (CrCLD). While the clinical signs (symptoms) associa...

The body's capacity to restore damaged neural networks in the injured CNS is severely limited. Although various treatment regimens can partially alleviate spinal cord injury (SCI), the mechanisms responsible for symptomatic improvement remain elusive. Here, using a mouse model of SCI, we have shown that transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) together with administration of valproic acid (V...

Sixteen weeks of a relatively mild running program, started at 22 months of age, lowered the body weights of 26-month-old male rats to the level of 9-month-old rats and increased the weights and the collagen densities of hind limb bones to levels greater than those of 9-, 22-, and 26-month-old sedentary rats. The densities (g/cm3) and the calcium densities (mg/cm3) of the hind limb bones decrea...

This study investigated the antispasticity potential of Sativex in mice. Chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was induced in adult ABH mice resulting in hind limb spasticity development. Vehicle, Sativex, and baclofen (as a positive control) were injected intravenously and the "stiffness" of limbs assessed by the resistance force against hind limb flexion. Vehicle alone cau...

North American Thoroughbred racing is conducted on three types of surfaces—dirt, turf, and synthetic. The tracks are oval, races run counterclockwise. loading right left limbs expected to differ as a function turn radius, banking, surface, gait asymmetry. Hind forelimbs also have different functions related propulsion turning, respectively. This study uses the Equine Injury Database for race st...

The exposure conditions which produce hind limb paralysis in 10%, 50%, and 90% of mouse neonate specimens exposed to 1-MHz ultrasound at 10 ø C and at 1and 16-atm hydrostatic pressure were determined for the intensity range 86-289 W/cm 2. The change in the exposure duration for 50% of the specimens paralyzed resulting from pressurization to 16 atm was negligible at 86 and 144 W/em 2 but was alm...

Sprouty proteins (Sproutys) inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and control various aspects of branching morphogenesis. In this study, we examined the physiological function of Sproutys in angiogenesis, using gene targeting and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown strategies. Sprouty2 and Sprouty4 double knockout (KO) (DKO) mice were embryonic-lethal around E12.5 due to cardiovascular def...