How does job assignment to positions with different surplus affect fairness concerns? We experimentally examine agents' concerns in a three-person ultimatum game which all agents are asked complete general knowledge quiz before being assigned high-stake or low-stake position. disentangle two possible channels through impacts concerns, wage differences, and the principal's intentions, by compari...

Abstract Several recent studies have found unequal policy responsiveness, meaning that the preferences of high-income citizens are better reflected in implemented policies than low-income citizens. This has been mainly a few from US and small number single-country Western Europe. However, there is lack comparative stake out terrain across broader group countries. We analyze survey data on about...

The discontinuation of cooperation with Russia in the Arctic Council response to Russian invasion Ukraine may severely impact climate science. Since its creation, has been a symbol diplomacy and values scientific integrity. However, all institutional research collaborations on hold few windows open for researcher-to-researcher dialogue, faces most significant challenge date. This article discus...

this study constitutes an attempt to see what language assessment literacy (lal) isfor three groups of stakeholders, namely lal test developers, lal instructors, andlal test-takers. the perceptions of the former group were derived from the contentanalysis of the latest version of the lal test, and those of the latter 2 groups wereassessed through a survey designed by the researcher. participant...

This paper analyzes how a firm’s returns and the stake of the controlling blockholders are affected when a bank becomes a blockholder with one of the largest stakes. Compared to previous studies, we approach this issue by taking into consideration the type of blockholders building up coalitions with banks in order to control a firm. This allows us to reconcile different results, reported in rel...

We found that decayed wood stakes with no termite damage collected from a termite-infested field exhibited a deterrent effect against the termite Reticulitermes speratus, Kolbe, 1885. The effect was observed to be lost or reduced by drying. After identification, it was found that the decayed stakes were infected by brown rot fungus Fibroporia radiculosa (Peck) Parmasto, 1968. In a no-choice fee...