Altered dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) activity during the progression of late-stage type 2 diabetes was measured in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats. Compared with OLETF rats subjected to 30% food restriction, food-satiated OLETF rats exhibited spontaneous hyperphagic obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and increased plasma DPP4 activity during the early ...

We examined the cross-sectional association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and markers of the insulin resistant phenotype. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 808 nondiabetic participants of the Framingham Offspring Study. Outcome measures included fasting and 2-h post 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose and insulin; these were used to calculate the homeosta...

Background: Metabolic Syndrome prevalence all over the world is increasing. Assessment at an early age regarding the presence of these is imperative to early prevention and treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate prevalence of the various components of metabolic syndrome in our adolescent population. Methods: A total of 193 young adolescents between ages 17 to 25 years were taken, 106 m...

BACKGROUND Rebaudioside A and erythritol are nonnutritive sweeteners. There have been several studies of their glycemic effects, but the outcomes remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the glycemic effects of rebaudioside A and erythritol as a sweetener in people with glucose intolerance. METHODS This trial evaluated the glycemic effect after 2 weeks of consumption of...

BACKGROUND Achieving fasting plasma glucose (FPG) target may not reflect hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) target achievement. OBJECTIVE Illustrate the blood glucose patterns contributing to HbA1c > 7% in patients whose FPG was < 130 mg/dl and correlation between HbA1c and plasma glucose at various times. The contribution of caloric intake, carbohydrate consumption and glycemic index of food to plasma g...

OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics and vital prognosis of men with diabetes diagnosed by one fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration > or =7.0 mmol/l, with diabetes diagnosed by one isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia (IPH) (FPG <7.0 mmol/l and a 2-h plasma glucose concentration > or =11.1 mmol/l), or with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study inv...

Maturity-onset diabetic patients usually have raised overnight-fasting plasma glucose levels associated with "normal" basal plasma insulin levels. The basal hyperglycemia is proportional to the degree of insulin deficiency. Basal insulin or C-peptide levels become subnormal if normal fasting plasma glucose levels are attained with insulin. Basal hyperglycemia is probably a compensatory response...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the postload plasma glucose concentration in predicting future risk of type 2 diabetes, compared with prediction models based on measurement of the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2,442 subjects from the Botnia Study, who were free of type 2 diabetes at baseline, received an or...

Intestinal Na(+)-coupled glucose transporter SGLT1 determines the rate of glucose transport, which in turn influences glucose-induced insulin release and development of obesity. The present study explored effects of Gum Arabic (GA), a dietary polysaccharide from dried exudates of Acacia Senegal, on intestinal glucose transport and body weight in wild-type C57Bl/6 mice. Treatment with GA (100 g/...