Recycling endosomes consist of a tubular network that emerges from vacuolar sorting endosomes and diverts cargoes toward the cell surface, the Golgi, or lysosome-related organelles. How recycling tubules are formed remains unknown. We show that recycling endosome biogenesis requires the protein complex BLOC-1. Mutations in BLOC-1 subunits underlie an inherited disorder characterized by albinism...

Lysosomes are membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles involved in intracellular protein degradation. They contain an assortment of soluble acid-dependent hydrolases and a set of highly glycosylated integral membrane proteins. Most of the properties of lysosomes are shared with a group of cell type-specific compartments referred to as 'lysosome-related organelles', which include melanosomes, lytic...

9. Ribeiro-Gomes FL, Moniz-de-Souza MC, Alexandre-Moreira MS, et al. Neutrophils activate macrophages for intracellular killing of Leishmania major through recruitment of TLR4 by neutrophil elastase. J Immunol. 2007;179(6):39883994. 10. Huang L, Kuo YM, Gitschier J. The pallid gene encodes a novel, syntaxin 13interacting protein involved in platelet storage pool deficiency. Nat Genet. 1999;23(3...

The AP (adaptor protein) complexes are heterotetrameric protein complexes that mediate intracellular membrane trafficking along endocytic and secretory transport pathways. There are five different AP complexes: AP-1, AP-2 and AP-3 are clathrin-associated complexes; whereas AP-4 and AP-5 are not. These five AP complexes localize to different intracellular compartments and mediate membrane traffi...

The mouse mutant mocha, a model for the Hermansky-Pudlak storage pool deficiency syndrome, is characterized by defective platelets, coat and eye color dilution, lysosomal abnormalities, inner ear degeneration, and neurological deficits. Here, we show that mocha is a null allele of the delta subunit of the adaptor-like protein complex AP-3, which is associated with coated vesicles budding from t...

Endocytosed microbial antigens are primarily delivered to lysosomal compartments where antigen binding to MHC and CD1 molecules occurs in an acidic and proteolytically active environment. Signal-dependent delivery to lysosomes has been suggested for these antigen-presenting molecules, but molecular interactions with vesicular coat proteins and adaptors that direct their lysosomal sorting are po...

Recently, physiological and psychoacoustic studies have uncovered new evidence supporting the idea that human auditory processes focus on the transitions between spoken sounds rather than on the steady-state portions of spoken sounds for speech recognition. Stochastic Perceptual Auditory-event-based Models (SPAMs) were developed by Morgan, Bourlard, Hermansky and Greenberg to take this new evid...