introduction : the proto-oncogene her2 plays a key role in the control of cellular proliferation. its overexpression has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in cancer, particularly in breast cancer. materials and methods : in the present study, serum her2 levels were investigated in patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer. serum her2 levels were detected by an elisa c...

background: the etiology of breast cancer and our understanding on the carcinogenicity of different risk factors is impotant for control programms. objective: we investigated the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (er, pr), and human epithelial receptor 2 (her2) overexpression and its associations, with environmental risk factors among breast cancer patients.  methods: we classif...

The prognosis of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-overexpressed metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has improved drastically following the development anti-HER2 therapies. We question what factors are involved in outcome by treatment. One hundred and two MBC who received chemotherapy were classified into groups according to subtype: luminal/HER2-negative (n = 50), HER2 2...

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies among women in various countries. HER2 overexpression, which is due to different reasons, occurs in 20-30% of breast cancers. HER2 gene encodes an 185kDa transmembrane glycoprotein with 1255 amino acids. This active product triggers downstream intracellular signaling pathways inducing cell proliferation and cell survival. These...

The human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and HER-2/neu are potential target antigens for CTL specific immunotherapy for common malignancies such as breast, lung, colon, and gastric carcinomas. Several CTL epitopes restricted by HLA-A2, the most common human histocompatibility molecule, have been previously reported. However, to develop CTL-based immunotherapies for the general population, it is...

In this study, we synthesized Herceptin conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (HMNs) as an alternative probe to discover the levels of HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) in the surface of cells. These nanoparticles can be used by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (non-invasive methods) for screening the patients with HER2 positive or negative tumors. Dextran coated iron oxide nanopartic...

background: understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cell/tumor growth and progression has led to molecular-targeted therapy. her1 and her2 are two main oncogenic components of her-receptor family considered as targets for cancer research and therapy. reliable results of her- related research and targeted therapies dependent upon cell line with known her expression status....

Background & Objective: The her2 amplification plays an important role in breast cancer management. Therefore, there is a need for using supplementary molecular methods in IHC equivocal cases. Present study has been conducted to determine the effects of clinicopathological variables on her2 gene amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in IHC ...

background and objectives: adenoid cystic carcinoma (acc), the most common malignant tumor of submandibular and minor salivary glands, is characterized by a high rate of local recurrence and distant hematogenous metastasis and tendency to invade peripheral nerves. in spite of radiotherapy and surgical treatment, the long-term prognosis is dismal. today, many studies are being conducted using th...