BACKGROUND Although high sodium intake is associated with obesity and hypertension, few studies have investigated the relationship between sodium intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated the association between sodium intake assessed by estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion and NAFLD in healthy Koreans. METHODS We analyzed data from 27,433 participants in the Korea...

Hyperspectral imaging, providing abundant spatial and spectral information simultaneously, has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. Unfortunately, due to the hardware limitations, the hyperspectral image (HSI) is vulnerable to various degradations, such noises (random noise, HSI denoising), blurs (Gaussian and uniform blur, HSI deblurring), and down-sampled (both spectral and spatial do...

Heterosubtypic immunity (HSI) is defined as cross-protection against influenza virus of a different serotype than the virus initially encountered and is thought to be mediated by influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Since gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) stimulates cytotoxic cells, including antigen-specific CTL which may control virus replication by secretion of antiviral cytoki...

Recently, superpixel segmentation has been proven to be a powerful tool for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. Nonetheless, the selection of the optimal superpixel size is a nontrivial task. In addition, compared with single-scale superpixel segmentation, the same image segmented on a different scale can obtain different structure information. To overcome such a drawback also utilizing t...

In two independent studies, we explored the usefulness of three self-report measures of tobacco dependence--the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Heavy Smoking Index (HSI). The FTND is a revised version of the FTQ. The HSI is identical to a two-question subset of the FTND. Study 1 involved 932 participants in a seven-session, f...

Aquaculture supplies more than 50% of the total fish consumed by world population. It is considered FAO authorities that it will be main source fishery products 2030. These positive data are contradicted fact aquaculture relies too much on oil and meal as essential ingredients for food, which exerts significant pressure marine ecosystems. The present study was planned to look alternative in aqu...

Data fusion from disparate sensors significantly improves automated man-made target detection performance compared to that of just an individual sensor. In particular, it can solve hyperspectral imagery (HSI) detection problems pertaining to low-radiance man-made objects and objects in shadows. We present an algorithm that fuses HSI and LIDAR data for automated detection of man-made objects. LI...

Accurate statistical models for hyperspectral imaging (HSI) data distribution are useful for many applications. A family of elliptically contoured distribution (ECD) has been investigated to model the unimodal ground cover classes. In this paper we propose to test the elliptical symmetry of real unimodal HSI clutters which will answer the question whether the family of ECD will provide an appro...

Index option pricing on world market indices are investigated using Lévy processes with no positive jumps. Economically this is motivated by the possible absence of longer horizon short positions while mathematically we are able to evaluate for such processes the probability of a Rally Before a Crash (RBC). Three models are used to e¤ectively calibrate index options at an annual maturity and it...