An important source of human salmonellosis is the consumption of table eggs contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Optimization of the various surveillance programs currently implemented to reduce human exposure requires knowledge of the dynamics of S. Enteritidis infection within flocks. The aim of this study was to provide parameter estimates for a transmission model of S....

Dopamine (DA) and corticosterone (CORT) are involved in regulating animals’ response to stress. The objective of this study was to examine whether alterations of DA concentrations and adrenal function are associated with behavioral response to social stress in two strains of White leghorns hens that were selected for high (HGPS) and low (LGPS) group productivity and survivability resulting from...

An experiment was conducted with 672 Hy-Line W-36 Single Comb White Leghorn hens (69 wk of age) to evaluate the effects of feeding varying levels of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with corn, wheat middlings, and soybean hulls on long-term laying hen postmolt performance. The control molt treatment consisted of a 47% corn:47% soybean hulls (C:SH) diet fed ad libitum for 28 d. ...

An experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of turmeric powder supplementation on egg production performance of old laying hens (80 weeks of age). There were 40 hens of Hysex Brown strain used in the study. They were caged individually, and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups of diet containing 0 (control), 1, 2 and 4 % oven dried turmeric powder for 3 periods of 4 weeks; Egg prod...

The aim of this review is to provide a global perspective of Home Enteral Tube Feeding (HETF) and to outline some of the challenges of home enteral nutrition (HEN) provisions. It is well established that the number of patients on HETF is on the increase worldwide due to advances in technology, development of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy techniques, and the shift in care provisions from a...

Inteins are parasitic genetic elements, analogous to introns that excise themselves at the protein level by self-splicing, allowing the formation of functional non-disrupted proteins. Many inteins contain a homing endonuclease (HEN) gene, and rely on its activity for horizontal propagation. In the halophilic archaeon, Haloferax volcanii, the gene encoding DNA polymerase B (polB) contains an int...

DeKalb XL chicks were given a beak trim at 6 d of age (6DP) with a 2.8-mm gauge and a beak trim at 11 wk (11WB) with a block cut approximately 2 mm anterior to the nasal openings. Corticosterone (CS) levels of the 6DP treatment were (P < or = 0.01) elevated above nontrimmed CS levels at 2 h posttrim; and BW and feed consumption (FC) of the 6DP were depressed until 8 wk of age. At 11 wk of age, ...

This work considers improving the heat recovery of an existing heat exchanger network (HEN) while minimizing the total annualized cost of the retrofit design. The focus is on stepwise approaches that generate, starting from the base case network, a candidate retrofit HEN at each step in order to sequentially retrofit the HEN topology while permitting user intervention during the resolution proc...

Comparisons were made in the mortality associated with an inhaled dose of viable Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae type 5, strain J45, between adult C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice. Mice of both strains were also challenged with Escherichia coli strains O111:B4 and J5. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of H. pleuropneumoniae in C3H/HeN mice was calculated to be 10(6.5) CFU. At a mean dose of 10(6.7) CFU a 46% mor...

The laying hen industry is implementing aviary systems intended to improve welfare by providing hens with more space and resources to perform species-specific behaviors. To date, limited research has examined spatial requirements of various strains of laying hens for performing key behaviors and none has been conducted within an alternative housing system. This study investigated the amount of ...